Question 1

Which age group experiences the most violent crime?

Accepted Answer

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, individuals between the ages of 12 and 24 experience the highest rates of violent crime.

Question 2

Which of the following is not among the characteristics that increase the potential for victimization?

Accepted Answer

Target ecology is not a recognized characteristic that increases the potential for victimization. The other options are established concepts in victimology.

Question 3

Which ethnic group reports the highest rate of violent victimization?

Accepted Answer

According to the National Crime Victimization Survey conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in 2018, blacks had the highest rate of violent victimization (29.5 per 1,000 persons age 12 or older), followed by Hispanics (21.1 per 1,000), whites (12.8 per 1,000), and Asians (7.5 per 1,000).

Question 4

Referring to the relationship between marital status and victimization,who is least likely to become a crime victim?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Referring to the relationship between marital status...

Question 5

Not being able to find a job,Jane Smith becomes increasingly frustrated as she visits her unemployment office each month.On Jane's most recent visit,she became verbally abusive and threatening to the unemployment representative.Continuing her abusive tirade,Jane stood up and leaned over the representative's desk.In fear and frustration,the unemployment representative hit Jane with a stapler that was on the desk.Jane's victimization in this case might be termed:

Accepted Answer

Jane's actions of being verbally abusive and threatening can be seen as actively provoking the situation, leading to the representative's reaction. This is termed active precipitation.

Question 6

Referring to victims and their criminals,victims report that substance abuse is a factor in how many violent crime incidents?

Accepted Answer

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, approximately one-third of victims of violent crimes reported that the offender was under the influence of drugs or alcohol at the time of the incident.

Question 7

Which of the following is least likely to be a characteristic of a high-risk lifestyle?

Accepted Answer

Participating in sports is generally associated with positive health benefits and is not typically considered a high-risk lifestyle, unlike drug use, crime involvement, or the general stress and behaviors associated with college life.

Question 8

The fact that some people's activities and behaviors increase their risk of victimization by increasing their potential to become "opportunities" for criminal offenders is the basis of what theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fact that some people's activities and...

Question 9

What is known regarding repeat victimization/chronic victimization?

Accepted Answer

Research shows that repeat victimizations often occur within a short period of time after the initial crime, as criminals may target the same victim or location again due to perceived vulnerability.

Answer: C 
 Chronic victimization refers to individuals who experience multiple victimizations over a period of time, often because they are part of a high-risk group (such as those living in poverty or experiencing domestic violence) or have characteristics that make them more vulnerable to victimization.

Answer: D 
 Prior victimization is one of the strongest predictors of future victimization. Individuals who have been victimized in the past are more likely to be re-victimized than those who have not, due to factors such as increased fear and decreased psychological resilience. Repeat victimizations are not rare, though they may be underreported.

Question 10

According to the National Crime Victimization Survey,which type of household would be least likely to contain crime victims or be the target of burglary or larceny?

Accepted Answer

The National Crime Victimization Survey has consistently shown that rural households have lower victimization rates than urban or suburban households. Additionally, research has shown that homes owned by whites are less likely to be burglarized than homes owned by African Americans. Therefore, rural, white-owned homes in the Northeast would be the least likely to contain crime victims or be the target of burglary or larceny.

Question 11

When victims act provocatively,use threats or fighting words,or even attack first,it is known as:

Accepted Answer

Active precipitation describes when a victim's actions or words provoke the aggression or violence of another individual. This is in contrast to passive precipitation, which occurs when a victim's mere existence or attributes (such as race or gender) prompt aggression, and reactive precipitation, which occurs when a victim responds to an initial provocation with their own aggressive behavior.

Question 12

Which of the following does not increase the potential for victimization?

Accepted Answer

Wearing a jacket has no correlation with potential victimization. The other options such as being intoxicated, distracted or getting into an argument can increase the potential for victimization as they may be perceived as vulnerable, unaware or confrontational.

Question 13

What percentage of students report that at least one violent crime,theft or other crime occurred at their school?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of students report that at...

Question 14

Each year,2.5 million times,victims use guns for defensive purposes.What did Kleck's research indicate regarding the use of guns for defensive purposes?

Accepted Answer

Kleck's research indicated that defensive gun use rarely results in collateral injury and that potential victims should be encouraged to fight back.

Question 15

Why are the elderly especially susceptible to fraud schemes?

Accepted Answer

The elderly are often targeted in fraud schemes because they may live alone, be lonely, or possess financial resources that make them attractive targets. Scammers may use tactics such as building a relationship with the victim, gaining their trust, and then convincing them to hand over money or personal information. While mental capacity may play a role in susceptibility to fraud, it is not the only factor. Relatives or legal guardians may also control an elderly person's finances, but this does not necessarily protect them from all types of fraud.

Question 16

Deviant places are defined as being inclusive of all but which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

The statement "deviant places are inclusive of all" suggests that deviant places can include poor, densely populated, and highly transient neighborhoods. Therefore, the factor that is excluded would be interracial neighborhoods. However, it is important to note that this statement is not a universally accepted definition of deviant places, and there may be other factors that could be included or excluded depending on the perspective or context.

Question 17

Some people may actually initiate the confrontation that eventually leads to their injury or death.This is termed:

Accepted Answer

The victim precipitation theory states that some victims may actually initiate or contribute to their own victimization through their actions or behavior. This theory suggests that the victim may have provoked the attacker or put themselves in a dangerous situation, ultimately leading to their injury or death.

Question 18

When the victim exhibits some personal characteristic that unknowingly either threatens or encourages the attacker it is known as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the victim exhibits some personal characteristic...

Question 19

According to Jacques and Wright's research on criminal careers,for which criminal offender does becoming a crime victim sets the stage for their breaking away from their chosen profession and transitioning into a new life course.

Accepted Answer

Jacques and Wright's research suggests that drug dealers, when they become victims of crime, may be prompted to reconsider their involvement in criminal activities and transition into a new life course.

Question 20

Research on the risk of sexual assault on college campuses found

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently found that college females are at an increased risk of sexual victimization compared to women in the general population. This is likely due to the unique social and cultural factors present on college campuses that can create an environment conducive to sexual assault. The use of alcohol and drugs has been shown to increase the risk of victimization for females, as it impairs judgment and can make them more vulnerable to predators. Offenders are often known to the victim and may be fellow students or acquaintances, rather than strangers accessing living quarters on campus.

Quiz 3: Victims and Victimization