Question 1

In order to diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it is necessary for symptoms to be present in
A) both symptom clusters.
B) the hyperactivity cluster.
C) the area of impulsivity.
D) either of the symptom categories.

Accepted Answer

To diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, symptoms must be present in either the inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity category, but not necessarily both.

Question 2

The inattention category of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms is characterized by _______________.
A) careless mistakes
B) fidgeting
C) not waiting one's turn to answer questions
D) accelerated motor skills

Accepted Answer

The inattention category of ADHD symptoms is characterized by careless mistakes, lack of attention to details, difficulty in sustaining attention on tasks, poor listening skills, problems with organization, avoidance of tasks that require prolonged mental effort, and a tendency to lose things.

Question 3

The major reason that developmental disorders are considered to be so serious in terms of their capacity to disrupt later functioning is
A) the fact that medications used in children can have long-term effects.
B) the impact that they have on family functioning.
C) that the purely biological nature of developmental disorders leads to subsequent developmental failures.
D) that failure to develop at one level is thought to inhibit later stages of development.

Accepted Answer

Developmental disorders are considered serious because failure to develop at one level can inhibit later stages of development. It is important for children to reach certain milestones in development to ensure proper functioning and success in later life. When a child experiences delays or disruptions in early development, it can have cascading effects on their later development and abilities.

Question 4

Although not classified as "developmental disorders", most psychological disorders can be considered developmental in nature because they
A) appear early in life and change over the lifespan.
B) have a genetic component.
C) lack biological causes and are influenced by learning.
D) are unique to children.

Accepted Answer

Psychological disorders can be considered developmental in nature because they often begin early in life and change over time as the individual develops and experiences new challenges and stressors. This is true for many disorders, including anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. While genetic factors may play a role in the development of some disorders, the complexity of their causes and the ways in which they are influenced by environmental factors and life experiences make it difficult to attribute them solely to genetics. Similarly, many psychological disorders have biological causes and are not solely influenced by learning, so option C is not accurate. Finally, while some disorders may be more prevalent in children, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), many disorders can occur at any time throughout the lifespan.

Question 5

Based on a telephone survey of parents in the United States, researchers found that percent of kids between 4 and 17 years of age were diagnosed with ADHD between 2011 and 2012.
A) 2.5
B) 6
C) 9
D) 11

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on a telephone survey of parents...

Question 6

Recent research has shown that
A) ADHD is found equally among boys and girls.
B) ADHD is caused by a single gene called DAT 1.
C) the brains of children with ADHD are 3% to 4% smaller than children without ADHD.
D) The same medications used to treat depressive symptoms are the most effective at reducing symptoms of ADHD.

Accepted Answer

Recent research has shown that the brains of children with ADHD are 3% to 4% smaller than the brains of children without ADHD. Option A is incorrect as research has shown that ADHD is more prevalent in boys than in girls. Option B is incorrect as ADHD is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and there is no single gene responsible for the disorder. Option D is incorrect as while medication is commonly used to treat ADHD, it is not the same medication used to treat depressive symptoms.

Question 7

Because the diagnosis of ADHD is comparable across countries,
A) ADHD is considered normal high activity level of children.
B) it is now found to be equally prevalent among boys and girls.
C) this suggests that ADHD is should not be thought to be the result of intolerant parents.
D) this suggests that ADHD has significantly increased and spread worldwide.

Accepted Answer

The fact that the diagnosis of ADHD is comparable across countries suggests that ADHD is not a result of intolerant parents, as this would result in differing rates of diagnosis across cultural contexts. It does not suggest that ADHD is normal high activity level, equal in prevalence among boys and girls, or has significantly increased and spread worldwide.

Question 8

ADHD tends to occur in families where another family member has ADHD and with increased rates of all but which of the following?
A) Conduct disorders
B) Mood disorders
C) Substance abuse
D) Eating disorders

Accepted Answer

Although there may be a correlation between ADHD and eating disorders, research has not consistently found significant evidence of increased rates of eating disorders in families with ADHD. However, there is clear evidence of increased rates of conduct disorders, mood disorders, and substance abuse in families with ADHD.

Question 9

Which of the following environmental influences has been found to contribute to the development of ADHD?
A) Prenatal smoking
B) Low socioeconomic status
C) Parental marital instability and discord
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the listed environmental influences have been found to contribute to the development of ADHD. Prenatal smoking has been linked to an increased risk of ADHD in children, low socioeconomic status has been associated with higher rates of ADHD diagnosis, and parental marital instability and discord have been linked to a higher likelihood of ADHD symptoms in children.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of ADHD?
A) Inattention
B) Learning disabilities
C) Self-control
D) Fidgeting

Accepted Answer

Lack of self-control is a common characteristic of ADHD, so it is not NOT characteristic of ADHD. Inattention, learning disabilities, and fidgeting are all common characteristics of ADHD.

Question 11

Recent research has shown that ADHD
A) is considered to be highly influenced by genetics with a relatively small role played by environmental influences.
B) is caused by multiple genes
C) appears be related to the neurotransmitter dopamine.
D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that ADHD is highly influenced by genetics, but there is still a role played by environmental factors. Multiple genes have been shown to contribute to the development of ADHD, and studies have found a relationship between ADHD and dopamine, a major neurotransmitter in the brain. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 12

One of the most common reasons that children are referred for mental health services in the United States is ______________.
A) ADHD
B) autism
C) pervasive developmental disorder
D) stuttering

Accepted Answer

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is one of the most common reasons for referral to mental health services in the United States, affecting approximately 6-9% of children. Symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity can significantly impact a child's ability to function at school and at home, and may require treatment from mental health professionals.

Question 13

The most accurate statement with regard to the genetic influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is
A) there are no known genetic influences.
B) there appears to be a single gene influence.
C) there appear to be multiple genetic influences.
D) defects on the Y chromosome are the major influence.

Accepted Answer

Multiple studies have shown that there are multiple genetic influences involved in ADHD, with estimates ranging from 70-80% of the disorder being influenced by genetics. However, it is important to note that environmental factors can also play a role in the development and severity of ADHD symptoms.

Question 14

ADHA is found in about of the child populations across all regions of the world.
A) 1-2%
B) 3-9%
C) 8-10%
D) 10-13%

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, ADHD is found in approximately 3-9% of child populations across all regions of the world.

Question 15

The hypothesis that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be influenced by toxins, food additives, or diet
A) is based on well-controlled studies.
B) is not well understood or studied, but generally effective as a treatment.
C) appears true for a small subset of individuals diagnosed with ADHD.
D) has little to no scientific evidence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hypothesis that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)...

Question 16

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that
A) medications are most effective when administered at an early stage of the disorder.
B) skill deficits can be identified and addressed before they impact later development.
C) family functioning often declines as the developmental disorder progresses.
D) children are more receptive to therapy when they are young.

Accepted Answer

Identifying children with developmental disorders early allows for skill deficits to be identified and addressed before they have a chance to impact later development. Early intervention and support can improve outcomes for children with developmental disorders. Medications may be helpful in some cases, but early identification and intervention is key. Family functioning may be impacted by a child's developmental disorder, but early identification is not necessarily the solution to this issue. While children may be more receptive to therapy at a young age, this is not the main reason why early identification is important.

Question 17

Which of the following often overlaps with ADHD?
A) Oppositional defiant disorder
B) Bipolar disorder
C) Conduct disorder
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All three disorders often overlap with ADHD. Oppositional defiant disorder is characterized by a persistent pattern of anger, irritability, defiance, or vindictiveness toward authority figures. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by swings in energy, activity levels, and mood. Conduct disorder involves persistent patterns of behavior that violate the rights of others and major societal norms. These disorders often co-occur with ADHD, and it is common for individuals with ADHD to also struggle with symptoms of these disorders.

Question 18

Psychological disorders are considered developmental disorders when there is a
A) change in symptoms over the lifespan.
B) genetic component to the disorder.
C) neurological basis for the condition.
D) general decline in functioning over time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychological disorders are considered developmental disorders when...

Question 19

An individual diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder will always present with
A) hyperactive behavior that alternates with periods of distraction.
B) patterns of inattention or hyperactivity and impulsivity.
C) both patterns of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.
D) periods of distraction that lead to hyperactive/impulsive behavior.

Accepted Answer

ADHD can manifest as either patterns of inattention or hyperactivity and impulsivity, or a combination of these, but not all individuals will exhibit both patterns simultaneously.

Question 20

What are the three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
A) Hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention
B) Inattention, distraction, hyperactivity
C) Inattention, impulsivity, distraction
D) Hypervigilance, increased startle, and distraction

Accepted Answer

The three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Choice A lists these three types of symptoms correctly. Choices B and C include some correct symptoms but not all three, and choice D lists symptoms that are not associated with ADHD.

Quiz 14: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

In order to diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it is necessary for symptoms to be present in

The inattention category of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms is characterized by _______________.

The major reason that developmental disorders are considered to be so serious in terms of their capacity to disrupt later functioning is

Although not classified as "developmental disorders", most psychological disorders can be considered developmental in nature because they

Based on a telephone survey of parents in the United States, researchers found that percent of kids between 4 and 17 years of age were diagnosed with ADHD between 2011 and 2012.

Recent research has shown that

Because the diagnosis of ADHD is comparable across countries,

ADHD tends to occur in families where another family member has ADHD and with increased rates of all but which of the following?

Which of the following environmental influences has been found to contribute to the development of ADHD?

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of ADHD?

Recent research has shown that ADHD

One of the most common reasons that children are referred for mental health services in the United States is ______________.

The most accurate statement with regard to the genetic influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is

ADHA is found in about of the child populations across all regions of the world.

The hypothesis that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be influenced by toxins, food additives, or diet

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that

Which of the following often overlaps with ADHD?

Psychological disorders are considered developmental disorders when there is a

An individual diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder will always present with

What are the three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?