Question 1

The following steps must be performed to make a bacterium produce human protein X. 1- Translation
2- Restriction enzyme
3- Prokaryotic transcription
4- DNA ligase
5- Transformation
6- Eukaryotic transcription
7- Reverse transcription
Which of the following places the steps in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

First, eukaryotic transcription (6) occurs to produce mRNA, then reverse transcription (7) to synthesize cDNA. Restriction enzymes (2) cut DNA, DNA ligase (4) joins DNA fragments, transformation (5) introduces DNA into bacteria, prokaryotic transcription (3) occurs, and finally, translation (1) produces the protein.

Question 2

Figure 9.1
 
-In Figure 9.1, after digestion with the appropriate restriction enzyme, what is the smallest piece containing the ampicillin- resistance (amp) gene?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 9.1
 
-In Figure 9.1, after digestion...

Question 3

C) contains selectable markers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of C) contains selectable markers.
...

Question 4

Which of the following places the steps in the PCR procedure in the correct order?
1) Incubate at 94°C to denature DNA strands;
2) Incubate at 72°C for DNA synthesis;
3) Incubate at 60°C for primer hybridization.

Accepted Answer

The first step in the PCR procedure is to denature the DNA strands at 94°C. Next, the primer hybridizes to the single-stranded DNA template at 60°C. Lastly, the DNA polymerase extends from the primer to produce new strands of DNA at 72°C. Therefore, the correct order is 1, 3, 2.

Question 5

You want to determine whether a person has a certain mutant gene. The process involves using a primer and a heat- stable DNA polymerase. This process is

Accepted Answer

The process described, which involves using a primer and a heat-stable DNA polymerase, is known as PCR (polymerase chain reaction). PCR is a widely used technique for amplifying specific DNA sequences and is often used to detect the presence of certain genes, such as mutant genes. The other options listed are unrelated to this process.

Question 6

How many pieces will EcoRI produce from the plasmid shown in Figure 9.1?

Accepted Answer

EcoRI recognizes the sequence GAATTC and cuts between G and A on both strands. This sequence appears twice in the plasmid shown in Figure 9.1, so EcoRI will produce two pieces.

Question 7

Self- replicating DNA used to transmit a gene from one organism to another is a

Accepted Answer

A vector is a type of DNA molecule that can carry foreign DNA into a host cell, and self-replicating DNA is often used as a vector in genetic engineering.

Question 8

An advantage of cDNA over genomic DNA is that it

Accepted Answer

cDNA is synthesized from mRNA, which lacks introns. This simplifies the analysis of genes and their expression, as introns are non-coding regions that do not contribute to the final protein product.

Question 9

A source of heat- stable DNA polymerase is

Accepted Answer

Thermus aquaticus is a thermophilic bacterium that can withstand high temperatures, making its DNA polymerase, Taq polymerase, heat-stable. This feature has made Taq polymerase a valuable tool in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Question 10

The random shotgun method is used in

Accepted Answer

The random shotgun method is primarily used in genome sequencing, where DNA is broken into random fragments, sequenced, and then reassembled to determine the complete sequence.

Question 11

Figure 9.2
 
-In Figure 9.2, the enzyme in step 2 is

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 9.2
 
-In Figure 9.2, the enzyme...

Question 12

A colleague has used computer modeling to design an improved enzyme. To produce this enzyme, the next step is to

Accepted Answer

The answer of A colleague has used computer modeling to...

Question 13

In the Southern blot technique, which of the following is NOT required?

Accepted Answer

The addition of heat-stable DNA polymerase to amplify DNA is not required in Southern blotting. Instead, the technique utilizes restriction enzymes to digest DNA, electrophoresis to separate fragments, transfer of the DNA to nitrocellulose, and addition of a labeled probe to identify the gene of interest.

Question 14

Figure 9.3
 
-The figure at the left in Figure 9.3 shows a gene identified by Southern blotting. What will a Southern blot of the same gene look like after PCR?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 9.3
 
-The figure at the left...

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a desired characteristic of DNA vectors used in gene cloning procedures?

Accepted Answer

Large size is not a desired characteristic because smaller vectors are easier to manipulate and more efficient for cloning.

Question 16

Which of the following processes is NOT involved in making cDNA?

Accepted Answer

Translation is not involved in making cDNA. cDNA is synthesized from mRNA by reverse transcriptase, which converts mRNA into single-stranded complementary DNA (cDNA). This cDNA can then be amplified by PCR and used for various downstream applications. RNA processing to remove introns and transcription are involved in making mRNA, which is used as the template for cDNA synthesis.

Question 17

The Human Genome Project, which was completed in 2003, was focused on

Accepted Answer

The Human Genome Project was focused on determining the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome, which was achieved in 2003. It aimed to identify and map all of the genes and their functions that determine the physical and functional traits of an individual.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an agricultural product made by DNA techniques?

Accepted Answer

Pectinase is an enzyme used in the food industry, not an agricultural product made by DNA techniques.

Question 19

A population of cells carrying a desired plasmid is called a

Accepted Answer

A population of cells carrying a desired plasmid is called a clone, as all the cells in the population are genetically identical and carry the same plasmid. A vector refers to a carrier molecule, such as a plasmid or virus, used to transfer genetic material into a host cell. A library is a collection of cloned genetic material. PCR and Southern blot are laboratory techniques used to amplify and detect specific DNA sequences, respectively.

Question 20

Pieces of DNA stored in yeast cells are called a

Accepted Answer

A library is a collection of cloned pieces of DNA that are stored in host cells. Yeast cells are commonly used as hosts for DNA libraries because they are easy to manipulate and can stably maintain large pieces of DNA. PCR, Southern blot, clone, and vector are all molecular biology techniques or terms that are related to cloning or analyzing DNA, but they do not refer specifically to the storage of DNA in yeast cells.

Quiz 9: Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

The following steps must be performed to make a bacterium produce human protein X. 1- Translation 2- Restriction enzyme 3- Prokaryotic transcription 4- DNA ligase 5- Transformation 6- Eukaryotic transcription 7- Reverse transcription Which of the following places the steps in the correct order?

Figure 9.1 -In Figure 9.1, after digestion with the appropriate restriction enzyme, what is the smallest piece containing the ampicillin- resistance (amp) gene?

C) contains selectable markers. D) is very easy to isolate. E) lacks introns. Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) Figure 9.2 -In Figure 9.2, the enzyme in step 1 is

Which of the following places the steps in the PCR procedure in the correct order? 1) Incubate at 94°C to denature DNA strands; 2) Incubate at 72°C for DNA synthesis; 3) Incubate at 60°C for primer hybridization.