Question 1

Which is more likely to be experienced by women taking the mini pill as an oral contraceptive?

Accepted Answer

The mini pill, also known as the progestin-only pill, is less effective at preventing ovulation than combined oral contraceptives. This means that there is a higher likelihood of ovulation occurring, which can lead to dysmenorrhea (painful periods) and breakthrough bleeding. Excessive weight gain and breast tenderness are not common side effects of the mini pill. As it does not contain estrogen, there is no risk of increased estrogen-related adverse effects. The mini pill is actually a good choice for breastfeeding mothers, as it does not interfere with milk production or breastfeeding after pregnancy.

Question 2

A female patient has developed leukorrhea since being on oral broad spectrum antibiotics for the past week for a lower respiratory infection.Which organism causes leukorrhea?

Accepted Answer

Oral broad spectrum antibiotics can disrupt the normal vaginal flora, leading to an overgrowth of organisms such as Candida albicans, which can cause leukorrhea. Herpes simplex, Mycoplasma hominis, and human papillomavirus (HPV) are not typically associated with leukorrhea.

Question 3

What is the mechanism whereby estrogen functions as a contraceptive?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

The healthcare provider has instructed a patient to use over-the-counter miconazole (Monistat)cream to treat her vaginal yeast infection.What information is important to include in patient education? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

It is important to wash the genital area before application to ensure cleanliness (A), wear a minipad to catch any discharge (C), wash hands to maintain hygiene (D), and inform the patient that the sexual partner may also need treatment to prevent reinfection (E).

Question 5

A patient states that she has a difficult time remembering when to resume her triphasic contraceptive pills following her menses.Which alternative plan will the nurse suggest that she discuss with her healthcare provider?

Accepted Answer

Changing to the 28-day packet will eliminate the need to remember when to resume pills, as the patient will simply start a new pack after finishing the previous one. This is a practical solution that can improve patient compliance and reduce the risk of unintended pregnancy. The other options may not be suitable, as using inert pills every other month may cause breakthrough bleeding and confusion, changing to the mini pill may not be appropriate for the patient's needs, and calling the healthcare provider every time the patient forgets may not be a feasible or sustainable solution.

Question 6

Why must caution be used when taking a phosphodiesterase inhibitor to enhance male sexual function?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors can have life-threatening consequences when taken by individuals with cardiovascular disorders, and caution must be used in these situations. The medication can affect blood pressure and cause cardiac events.

Question 7

The nurse is giving instructions to a young female at an outpatient clinic regarding combination OCP therapy.What information will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Combination oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) should be taken at the same time daily to maintain effectiveness. Serious side effects like headaches, dizziness, and chest or abdominal pain should be reported immediately as they may indicate serious conditions like blood clots. If a pill is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered, and the next dose should be taken at the regular time.

Question 8

The nurse is instructing a patient on use of a transdermal contraceptive.When evaluating the patient's understanding of the information provided,the nurse identifies a need for further education when the patient states:

Accepted Answer

The patient should not trim the patch as this may affect its efficacy. The other options demonstrate an understanding of proper use of the transdermal contraceptive.

Question 9

A patient diagnosed with benign prostatic hypertrophy asks why tamsulosin (Flomax),an alpha-1 adrenergic blocking agent,has been prescribed.Which explanation by the nurse is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Tamsulosin (Flomax) is an alpha-1 adrenergic blocking agent that relaxes the smooth muscle in the prostate gland and bladder neck, improving urinary flow and reducing symptoms of BPH such as difficulty urinating and frequent urination. It does not affect testosterone levels or improve sexual function, and does not directly reduce the size of the prostate.

Question 10

The nurse is teaching a patient beginning therapy with dutasteride (Avodart).How long will it take before the patient can expect results?

Accepted Answer

It can take up to 6 months to achieve maximum therapeutic effects with dutasteride. Patients should be informed of this delay and instructed to continue taking the medication as prescribed.

Question 11

The nurse is obtaining a history on a patient who is seeking oral contraceptives.Which condition would contraindicate the use of oral contraceptives?

Accepted Answer

Thromboembolic disease (blood clots) is a contraindication for the use of oral contraceptives due to the increased risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism. Individuals with a history of thromboembolic disease or a predisposition to it should be offered alternative forms of contraception.

Question 12

The nurse at an outpatient clinic is educating a group of young adults regarding prevention of the spread of sexually transmitted infections.Information will include: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Abstinence is the most effective method for preventing sexually transmitted infections. The importance of "partner services" means that both partners should be checked and treated if necessary to prevent further spread of infection. Hormonal contraceptives do not prevent the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Nonoxynol 9 can actually increase the risk of infection and is not recommended for frequent use. Using latex condoms when an infection is present may reduce the risk of spreading the infection but abstinence is still the most effective method.

Question 13

Which type of drug is most effective in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra), are the most effective drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. They work by increasing blood flow to the penis, which helps to achieve and maintain an erection. Antiandrogen agents, sympathomimetic agents, and alpha-1 adrenergic blocking agents may have some benefit in specific cases, but they are not generally considered first-line treatments for erectile dysfunction.

Question 14

A woman using the NuvaRing vaginal ring informs the nurse that the ring was accidentally expelled a day ago.The nurse will instruct this patient to:

Accepted Answer

If the NuvaRing is expelled, it should be rinsed in lukewarm (not hot) water and reinserted as soon as possible. Additionally, using a non-hormonal backup contraceptive method is recommended to ensure protection against pregnancy, especially if the ring has been out for more than three hours.

Question 15

A nurse working at the community health clinic receives a call from a teen patient who reports that she has missed one of her birth control pills.Which response by the nurse is accurate? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

If a single birth control pill is missed, the general recommendation is to take the missed pill as soon as remembered (A) and then continue with the next pill at the regularly scheduled time (B).

Quiz 40: Drugs Used in Mens and Womens Health