Question 1

A recent study of college women hypothesized that "females with higher levels of depressive symptoms will be more likely to engage in casual sex than females with fewer symptoms" (Grello et al, 2006). In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable in this study is the likelihood of engaging in casual sex, as this is what is being predicted by the levels of depressive symptoms.

Question 2

A recent medical study found that children who watch more than 4 hours of television a day were more likely to be obese (overweight) than children who watched less television. In this study, the independent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the variable that is being manipulated or changed in the study. In this case, the researchers are interested in how the amount of time spent watching television affects obesity in children. Therefore, the independent variable is time spent watching television, which is indicated by choice C.

Question 3

A researcher studying the results of the most recent election hypothesizes that people who attend church regularly were more likely to oppose same sex marriage than non-church goers. In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the variable that is being manipulated or studied to see if it has an effect on the dependent variable. In this case, the independent variable is church attendance, as the researcher is interested in whether attending church regularly affects attitudes toward same sex marriage. The dependent variable is beliefs regarding same sex marriage, as this is the variable being measured to see if it is influenced by the independent variable of church attendance. The results of the election may be related to the dependent variable, but they are not the variable being manipulated or studied in this hypothesis.

Question 4

A researcher studying gambling behavior finds that people playing bingo will bet more money when they are allowed to choose their bingo cards than when they do not have this choice. In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable in this study is the amount of money bet, which is being measured and affected by the independent variable of whether or not people are allowed to choose their bingo cards.

Question 5

In the journal Cyber Psychology and Behavior, a researcher asked, "Are students who report higher degrees of loneliness more likely to form new online relationships than other students with lower degrees of loneliness?" (Bonebrake, 2002). In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or tested in the study, and in this case, it is the likelihood of forming new online relationships. The degree of loneliness is the independent variable, as it is the variable that is being manipulated and has an effect on the dependent variable. The type of relationship and students are not the variables being measured or tested in this study.

Question 6

A recent study of college women hypothesized that "females with higher levels of depressive symptoms will be more likely to engage in casual sex than females with fewer symptoms" (Grello et al, 2006). In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable in this study is level of depressive symptoms, as it is being hypothesized as a predictor of engaging in casual sex. The other options are either dependent variables or not directly relevant to the hypothesis being tested.

Question 7

A researcher studying gambling behavior finds that people playing bingo will bet more money when they are allowed to choose their bingo cards than when they do not have this choice. In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable in this study is the ability to choose cards, as this is the factor being manipulated to observe the effect on the amount of money bet.

Question 8

"We hypothesized that parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252). In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable in this study is the problem behaviors reported in the children. The study aimed to examine the relationship between the frequency of verbal punishment used by parents and the problem behaviors reported in their children. Therefore, the problem behaviors reported are the outcome or dependent variable being measured. Choice B (parents), choice C (children), and choice D (use of verbal punishment) are independent variables being investigated in the study.

Question 9

A team of researchers "predicted that men who believe that a woman was attracted to them would act on their belief and behave relatively more flirtatiously toward the woman than would men having no such belief" (Ridge & Reber, 2002). In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable in this study is the amount of flirtatious behavior, as this is the behavior that is being measured and compared between the two groups of men. The belief regarding a woman's attraction is the independent variable, as it is being manipulated in order to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Question 10

Two researchers hypothesize "consumers would think that a 'sale price' presentation would generate a greater monetary savings than an 'everyday low price' presentation" (Tom & Ruiz, 1997). In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable in this study is the concept being measured or tested, which is the perceived monetary savings generated by the two different types of pricing presentations. This is represented by the option A, monetary savings. Options B, C, and D refer to the independent variables or factors being manipulated in the study.

Question 11

In the journal Cyber Psychology and Behavior, a researcher asked, "Are students who report higher degrees of loneliness more likely to form new online relationships than other students with lower degrees of loneliness?" (Bonebrake, 2002). In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the variable that is being manipulated or measured in the study, and in this case, it is the degree of loneliness reported by the students. The researcher is interested in how this variable might impact the likelihood of forming online relationships, which is the dependent variable in the study. Therefore, the correct answer is B - degree of loneliness.

Question 12

In the journal Cyber Psychology and Behavior, a team of researchers hypothesize "Heavy users of online games have less fulfilling interpersonal relationships than individuals who spend very little or no time playing online games" (Lo et al, 2005). In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is the variable that is being measured in the study to determine its relationship with the independent variable. In this case, the dependent variable is satisfaction with interpersonal relationships, as it is being compared between heavy users of online games and individuals who spend very little or no time playing online games.

Question 13

A recent medical study found that children who watch more than 4 hours of television a day were more likely to be obese (overweight) than children who watched less television. In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is the variable being measured or tested in the study. In this case, the dependent variable is obesity, which is the outcome being studied in relation to the amount of television watched. The independent variable is the variable being manipulated or controlled in the study, which is time spent watching television. The 4 hours of television is not a variable, but rather a value assigned to the independent variable. The children watching television is not a variable, but rather the population being studied.

Question 14

One study found that college students' grades in Introductory Psychology (Psy 1) was a better predictor of their GPA within the Psychology major than their SAT scores (Meeker et al, 1994). In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is what is being predicted or measured, which in this study is the GPA within the Psychology major. Psy 1 and SAT scores are both predictors of this dependent variable. College students are the population being studied, but not the dependent variable.

Question 15

Two researchers hypothesize "consumers would think that a 'sale price' presentation would generate a greater monetary savings than an 'everyday low price' presentation" (Tom & Ruiz, 1997). In this study, the independent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable in this study is the type of presentation, with two levels: "sale price" presentation and "everyday low price" presentation. The researchers are interested in how this variable affects consumers' perception of monetary savings. The other options (monetary savings and consumers) are not independent variables in this study.

Question 16

In the journal Cyber Psychology and Behavior, a team of researchers hypothesize "Heavy users of online games have less fulfilling interpersonal relationships than individuals who spend very little or no time playing online games" (Lo et al, 2005). In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable in this study is the amount of time playing online games, as it is what the researchers are manipulating and measuring the effects of on interpersonal relationships.

Question 17

"We hypothesized that parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252).In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated by the researcher and expected to cause a change in the dependent variable. In this case, the researchers are manipulating the use of verbal punishment by parents and expecting it to cause a change in the problem behaviors reported in their children. Therefore, the use of verbal punishment is the independent variable.

Question 18

A team of researchers "predicted that men who believe that a woman was attracted to them would act on their belief and behave relatively more flirtatiously toward the woman than would men having no such belief" (Ridge & Reber, 2002). In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the belief regarding a woman's attraction, as this is the variable that is being manipulated by the researchers to see its effect on the amount of flirtatious behavior. The other options (men who believe that a woman was attracted to them, gender, and amount of flirtatious behavior) are either not being manipulated or are being measured as dependent variables.

Question 19

A research team hypothesizes that "children will rate a disciplining strategy emphasizing logic and reason as more effective than one based on rewards and punishment" (Barnett et al, 1996, p. 414). In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is the variable being measured and is usually affected by the independent variable. In this case, the dependent variable is the effectiveness of the disciplining strategy, as it is what the research team wants to measure and compare between the two types of strategies. The independent variable is the type of disciplining strategy being used. The other options are either not variables or part of the independent variable.

Question 20

One study found that college students' grades in Introductory Psychology (Psy 1) was a better predictor of their GPA within the Psychology major than their SAT scores (Meeker et al., 1994). In this study, the independent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One study found that college students' grades...

Quiz 1: Introduction to Statistics

A recent study of college women hypothesized that "females with higher levels of depressive symptoms will be more likely to engage in casual sex than females with fewer symptoms" (Grello et al, 2006) . In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

A recent medical study found that children who watch more than 4 hours of television a day were more likely to be obese (overweight) than children who watched less television. In this study, the independent variable is ______.

A researcher studying the results of the most recent election hypothesizes that people who attend church regularly were more likely to oppose same sex marriage than non-church goers. In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

A researcher studying gambling behavior finds that people playing bingo will bet more money when they are allowed to choose their bingo cards than when they do not have this choice. In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

A recent study of college women hypothesized that "females with higher levels of depressive symptoms will be more likely to engage in casual sex than females with fewer symptoms" (Grello et al, 2006) . In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

A researcher studying gambling behavior finds that people playing bingo will bet more money when they are allowed to choose their bingo cards than when they do not have this choice. In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

"We hypothesized that parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252) . In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Two researchers hypothesize "consumers would think that a 'sale price' presentation would generate a greater monetary savings than an 'everyday low price' presentation" (Tom & Ruiz, 1997) . In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

A recent medical study found that children who watch more than 4 hours of television a day were more likely to be obese (overweight) than children who watched less television. In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

One study found that college students' grades in Introductory Psychology (Psy 1) was a better predictor of their GPA within the Psychology major than their SAT scores (Meeker et al, 1994) . In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Two researchers hypothesize "consumers would think that a 'sale price' presentation would generate a greater monetary savings than an 'everyday low price' presentation" (Tom & Ruiz, 1997) . In this study, the independent variable is ______.

"We hypothesized that parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252) .In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

A research team hypothesizes that "children will rate a disciplining strategy emphasizing logic and reason as more effective than one based on rewards and punishment" (Barnett et al, 1996, p. 414) . In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

One study found that college students' grades in Introductory Psychology (Psy 1) was a better predictor of their GPA within the Psychology major than their SAT scores (Meeker et al., 1994) . In this study, the independent variable is ______.