Question 1

Which of the following foods contains the most copper per 3 oz serving?

Accepted Answer

Liver is the best choice as it contains a high amount of copper, with 3 oz serving providing 12.3 mg of copper. Cashews provide 0.6 mg of copper per 3 oz serving, sunflower seeds have 0.5 mg of copper per 3 oz serving, and baked beans only provide 0.2 mg of copper per 3 oz serving.

Question 2

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

Accepted Answer

Vanadium is a trace mineral, and its essentiality for humans is not well-established, unlike potassium, magnesium, and chromium, which are known to be essential.

Question 3

In the United States, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the authority to regulate public water systems under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) to ensure that the water supplied to consumers is safe to drink. The EPA sets standards for more than 90 contaminants that can be found in drinking water and establishes monitoring and reporting requirements to ensure compliance with these standards. Therefore, statement A is true, making it the best choice.

Statement B is not necessarily true as bottled water can also be sourced from public water supplies and may not always have undergone the same level of testing and regulation as tap water.

Statement C is incorrect as there are federal regulations that cover bottled water, including standards for testing and labeling set by the FDA and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) and the SDWA.

Statement D is partially true as the FDA permits the addition of certain substances to bottled water and flavored beverage products, but only within specified limits and in compliance with FDA regulations.

Question 4

Your body needs iodine for

Accepted Answer

Iodine is an essential nutrient required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. These hormones play a key role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development. Without adequate iodine intake, the thyroid gland becomes enlarged, leading to a condition called goiter.

Question 5

Erika is a college student who has never experienced dental decay. Recently, she slipped and fell down a flight of stairs. Although she had bumps and bruises after the fall, she did not break any bones. Which of the following practices is the most likely reason for Erika's strong bones and decay-resistant teeth?

Accepted Answer

Drinking fluoridated water has been shown to strengthen teeth and prevent decay. It is unlikely that taking vitamin K supplements or consuming an alcohol-containing drink each day would have a significant impact on bone and dental health. While a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet can benefit overall health, it is not specifically known to promote strong bones or prevent tooth decay.

Question 6

While at a party, Dimitrius became drunk after consuming 6 cans of beer and 2 shots of whiskey. To sober up as fast as possible, he should

Accepted Answer

The best way for Dimitrius to sober up as fast as possible is to stop consuming any more alcohol. Consuming additional substances such as coffee or raw eggs with tabasco sauce may have unintended consequences and could even be dangerous. Running a mile and taking a cold shower may help awaken him and make him feel more alert, but it will not necessarily sober him up.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol, the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, acts as a depressant on the central nervous system, slowing down brain function and neural activity.

Question 8

In the United States, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The Food and Drug Administration does regulate bottled water products that are marketed for interstate commerce. The other statements are false.

Question 9

While at a bar, Jake drank 3 ounces of whiskey. Based on this information, Jake consumed about the same amount of alcohol that's in _____ 12-oz cans of regular beer.

Accepted Answer

A standard drink in the United States contains roughly 0.6 ounces of pure alcohol. Generally, this amount of alcohol is found in 1.5 ounces of distilled spirits (around 40% alcohol by volume), 5 ounces of wine (about 12% alcohol by volume), or 12 ounces of regular beer (about 5% alcohol by volume). Since Jake drank 3 ounces of whiskey, assuming the whiskey is around 40% alcohol by volume, he consumed the equivalent of about two standard drinks, which is roughly the same amount of alcohol found in two 12-oz cans of regular beer.

Question 10

_____ helps insulin enter cells.

Accepted Answer

Chromium helps insulin enter cells by improving insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism.

Question 11

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Iodine is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones, and a deficiency in iodine can lead to goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland. The introduction of iodized salt provided a simple and effective way of addressing iodine deficiency and reducing rates of goiter in the U.S.

Question 12

While at a party, Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer and 10 ounces of wine. Based on this information, her alcohol consumption was equivalent to ____ standard alcoholic drinks.

Accepted Answer

In the United States, a standard drink is defined as 14 grams (0.6 ounces) of pure alcohol. Generally, this amount of pure alcohol is found in 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of distilled spirits. Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer, which is equivalent to 2 standard drinks (since 12 ounces of beer is 1 standard drink), and 10 ounces of wine, which is equivalent to 2 standard drinks (since 5 ounces of wine is 1 standard drink). Therefore, her total alcohol consumption was equivalent to 4 standard drinks.

Question 13

Your body uses copper to make

Accepted Answer

Copper is an essential nutrient that is required for the activity of several enzymes that have antioxidant functions. These enzymes help to protect the body against free radical damage, which can lead to chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Copper is also involved in the production of collagen, a protein that provides structure to bones, cartilage, and connective tissue.

Question 14

Roy's diet is low in chromium. As a result of his diet, his ____ level is higher than normal.

Accepted Answer

Chromium is involved in the metabolism of glucose and helps to maintain normal blood glucose levels. A low chromium diet can result in elevated blood glucose levels.

Question 15

In the United States, the practice of fortifying _____ with iodide has reduced the risk of cretinism.

Accepted Answer

Table salt is fortified with iodide in the United States to reduce the risk of iodine deficiency and cretinism. Other food products like oatmeal and processed vegetables may contain some iodine naturally, but are not typically fortified with iodide. Soft drinks do not contain iodine or iodide.

Question 16

In the United States, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The Food and Drug Administration regulates the safety of bottled water, not public water supplies. The Environmental Protection Agency regulates the quality of public water supplies. The FDA does allow manufacturers to add certain nutrients to bottled water, but they must be at levels considered safe and not misleading. There are federal regulations that cover bottled water sold throughout the country. And generally, tap water is less expensive than bottled water.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Signs of alcohol poisoning include a slowed and irregular heart rate, as well as vomiting, confusion, seizures, and slow or shallow breathing.

Question 18

Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient, he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance. He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice.

Accepted Answer

Taking large doses of zinc can lead to reduced HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels. HDL is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from your bloodstream. High levels of zinc can interfere with the body's ability to manage cholesterol levels effectively.

Question 19

Marta is a pregnant woman suffering from severe iodine deficiency. As a result of the deficiency, she has a high risk of giving birth to a child with

Accepted Answer

Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy can cause congenital hypothyroidism in the fetus, leading to cretinism. Symptoms of cretinism include stunted physical growth, severe intellectual disability, and other neurological problems. It is important for pregnant women to consume enough iodine to prevent such complications.

Question 20

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

Accepted Answer

While silicon is believed to have potential health benefits, such as supporting bone health, there is currently no consensus on whether it is an essential mineral for humans. Iodide, magnesium, and zinc, on the other hand, are confirmed to be essential minerals required for various bodily functions.

Quiz 9: Key Minerals, Water, and the Nonnutrient Alcohol

Which of the following foods contains the most copper per 3 oz serving?

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

In the United States, which of the following statements is true?

Your body needs iodine for

While at a party, Dimitrius became drunk after consuming 6 cans of beer and 2 shots of whiskey. To sober up as fast as possible, he should

Which of the following statements is true?

In the United States, which of the following statements is true?

While at a bar, Jake drank 3 ounces of whiskey. Based on this information, Jake consumed about the same amount of alcohol that's in _____ 12-oz cans of regular beer.

_____ helps insulin enter cells.

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States.

While at a party, Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer and 10 ounces of wine. Based on this information, her alcohol consumption was equivalent to ____ standard alcoholic drinks.

Your body uses copper to make

Roy's diet is low in chromium. As a result of his diet, his ____ level is higher than normal.

In the United States, the practice of fortifying _____ with iodide has reduced the risk of cretinism.

In the United States, which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient, he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance. He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice.

Marta is a pregnant woman suffering from severe iodine deficiency. As a result of the deficiency, she has a high risk of giving birth to a child with

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.