Question 1

The capacity to think recursively about others' true and false beliefs is sometimes described as second- order ____________________________.

Accepted Answer

theory of mind.

Question 2

Piaget put forward three hypotheses to explain variations in the rate of mastery of formal- operational thought. Which of the following is not one of his hypotheses?

Accepted Answer

Piaget's three hypotheses were genetic causality, environmental causality, and nature-nurture interaction- cognitive specialization. Cross-cultural causality is not one of Piaget's hypotheses.

Question 3

The onset of formal- operational thinking enables adolescents to speculate about broad philosophical, spiritual and social questions as well as to reflect on tactics of ______________ in social situations.

Accepted Answer

self preservation

Question 4

Which of the following is not a stage in ethnic identity development?

Accepted Answer

The correct stages of ethnic identity development include Unexamined ethnic identity, Ethnic identity search, and Achieved ethnic identity. "Examined ethnic identity" is not a recognized stage in the standard models of ethnic identity development.

Question 5

The beam balance problem is used to assess ______________-______________ thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The beam balance problem is used to...

Question 6

The moral reasoning of adolescents and adults in collectivist, socially oriented cultures may differ qualitatively from the ______________ judgements of competing justice claims that are implicit in Kohlberg's model of moral development derived from North Americans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The moral reasoning of adolescents and adults...

Question 7

According to Damon (1975), at what age can children typically understand the basics of economic life, including primary producers, retailers and customers?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Damon (1975), at what age...

Question 8

Which of the following is an important change that takes place in the brain during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are important changes that take place in the brain during adolescence. The dopaminergic system, which is involved in reward processing and motivation, undergoes changes during adolescence that can contribute to risky behavior. The prefrontal cortex, which is involved in decision-making, impulse control, and social behavior, undergoes significant structural changes during adolescence. The basal ganglia, which are involved in movement and motivation, also undergo changes during adolescence that can contribute to the development of habits and the formation of reward-seeking behaviors.

Question 9

When adolescents from ethnic minorities manage to incorporate elements of their Asian, African or Mexican roots into blended identity choices, they were found to display ______________ levels of self- esteem than those who identified exclusively with either ethnic or mainstream Anglo- American culture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When adolescents from ethnic minorities manage to...

Question 10

Adolescent cognitive ______________ , as expressed in a belief in an imaginary audience, may relate as much to new social experiences in the early teens as to cognitive changes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adolescent cognitive ______________ , as expressed in...

Question 11

Beginning at about age ______________ , there is an abrupt rise in dopamine receptor density in the striatum and prefrontal cortex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Beginning at about age ______________ , there...

Question 12

Which of the following is the best description of diffusion tensor imaging?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion tensor imaging measures the patterns of progressive myelin encasement of nerve fibres as the brain develops, as well as the directions of the pathways of individual neural connections within the brain.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning include pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional morality. "Logical morality" is not a recognized stage in his theory.

Question 14

A clear understanding of ratios and proportionality, together with concepts of probability and partial association (correlation), is associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Clear understanding of ratios, proportionality, probability, and partial association (correlation) require formal operational thought. This stage of cognitive development is characterized by abstract reasoning and the ability to think logically about hypothetical situations, which is necessary for understanding these concepts.

Question 15

Which of the following is related to moral development in teenagers?

Accepted Answer

All of the choices given - becoming a vegetarian, becoming involved in environmental activism, and joining a political movement - can be related to moral development in teenagers. This is because moral development involves learning to make ethical decisions and act on them based on one's values and beliefs. These choices reflect values and beliefs that may be important to a teenager's moral development.

Question 16

In other research with Paul Rozin, Carol Nemeroff found that adolescents' and young adults' beliefs about sexually transmitted disease were often ______________ , displaying the same tendency towards using ______________ reasoning in place of the logic of formal- operational reasoning as a source of causal explanations for infection and personal vulnerability.

Accepted Answer

The passage states that adolescents and young adults tend to use "magical reasoning" in their beliefs about sexually transmitted diseases, which suggests that their beliefs are illogical. Additionally, the passage states that this is a "source of causal explanations," which suggests that they are not using concrete-operational reasoning, but rather something more primitive. Therefore, option B is the best answer.

Question 17

According to Jean Natapoff (1982), ______________-______________ thinkers were conscious of the future, viewing health as a long- term issue in contrast to sickness, which was short term.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Jean Natapoff (1982), ______________-______________ thinkers...

Question 18

According to Steinberg (2008), the ______________ system is a network in the brain involving the basal ganglia (especially the nucleus accumbens), the orbitofrontal cortex, the medial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Steinberg (2008), the ______________ system...

Question 19

A ______________ involves a protracted identity crisis, often entailing a painful period when all identity commitments are temporarily suspended and the individual feels lost and confused.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ______________ involves a protracted identity crisis,...

Question 20

The notion that 'right and wrong are relative to one's own immediate gain and that there are no abstract moral values beyond self- interest', is consistent with the ____________________________ stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The notion that 'right and wrong are...

Quiz 11: Adolescence: Cognitive, Moral and Personality Development