Question 1

Someone who constantly seeks self-attention and self-affirmation,with no concerns for other people's needs is

Accepted Answer

A narcissist is someone who excessively admires and loves themselves, seeking validation and attention from others. They have little concern for the needs or feelings of others.

Question 2

In India,individuals who dress and act like women,but are neither truly male nor female are

Accepted Answer

Hijras are individuals who are born male but do not identify as either male or female. They often dress in women's clothing and have traditionally played a distinct social role in Indian culture as performers, singers, and dancers at weddings and other celebrations.

Question 3

Western ideals of mother-infant bonding would be maladaptive in the Brazilian shantytowns studied by Nancy Scheper-Hughes in that

Accepted Answer

In the Brazilian shantytowns studied by Scheper-Hughes, infant mortality rates were so high that developing strong bonds with newborn infants would likely result in significant grief for mothers. Therefore, Western ideals of mother-infant bonding would be maladaptive in this context.

Question 4

Ruth Landes portrayal of the Ojibwa stressed the ________ of the Ojibwa of northwestern ontario,their lack of political organization,and severe anxiety neuroses.

Accepted Answer

Ruth Landes' portrayal emphasized the extreme individualism and atomistic behavior of the Ojibwa, highlighting their social structure and personal interactions rather than focusing on psychological complexes, self-centeredness, environmental constraints, or minimalistic lifestyles.

Question 5

The process of transmitting culture to infants and other new members of society through both informal and formal processes

Accepted Answer

Enculturation is the process of transmitting culture to infants and other new members of society through both informal and formal processes. Assimilation refers to the gradual adoption of the beliefs and customs of a dominant culture by a minority group, while acculturation involves the exchange of cultural features between different cultures. Cultural configuration and ethnoculturation are not commonly used terms to refer to the process of transmitting culture.

Question 6

Anthropologists have criticized Ruth Landes's work for questionable ethnographic accuracy and for failing to place the ________ of northwestern Ontario in a historical context.

Accepted Answer

Landes worked with the Ojibwa people in northwestern Ontario, and anthropologists have criticized her for not accurately representing the culture and traditions of the Ojibwa. Additionally, she failed to place their customs in a historical context.

Question 7

Anthropological research that focuses on the individual and how the individual's psychology and subjective experience both shape and are shaped by the wider culture is called

Accepted Answer

Person-centred ethnography focuses on the individual's psychology and subjective experience, and how they are influenced by the wider culture. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the individual's perspective and experiences within their cultural context.

Question 8

Benedict labelled the ________ of the Pacific Northwest as Dionysian after the Greek God of revelry and excess,because of their individualism and high levels of expressive emotionality,mainly evident in their potlatches.

Accepted Answer

Benedict studied the Kwakwaka'wakw tribe of the Pacific Northwest and called them Dionysian due to their potlatches, which involved extravagant displays of wealth and individualism.

Question 9

Anthropologists would agree on the following statement

Accepted Answer

Puberty is a biological process marked by physical changes that lead to sexual maturity, while adolescence is a broader concept that includes psychological, social, and cultural aspects of the transition from childhood to adulthood. Different cultures have varied ways of defining and dealing with adolescence, indicating its cultural shaping.

Question 10

The customs applying to the behaviour of fathers during or shortly after the birth of their children

Accepted Answer

The customs described in the question are related to couvade, which refers to a practice in which fathers participate in rituals or exhibit certain behaviors during or shortly after the birth of their child, such as mimicking the physical symptoms of pregnancy or observing dietary restrictions. This custom is found in various cultures and is often seen as a way for the father to show solidarity with the mother and take on some of the responsibilities associated with childbirth.

Question 11

In spite of Boas and Sapir's important role in institutionalizing Canadian anthropology,________ and ________ as a "school" was never strongly developed in Canada.

Accepted Answer

Boas and Sapir's focus on the relationship between culture and personality did not develop into a strong school of thought in Canadian anthropology. While their work influenced Canadian anthropology, other schools of thought, such as functionalism and structuralism, dominated the field in Canada.

Question 12

The term "third gender" in anthropology

Accepted Answer

The term "third gender" in anthropology refers to a gender category that exists in some societies that recognizes the existence of individuals who are neither male nor female. This can include individuals who identify as genderqueer, non-binary, or intersex. It is not specifically related to transvestites, transsexuals, men who assume female gender roles, hermaphrodites, or homosexuality.

Question 13

According to the recollections of Charles James Nowell,kid potlatches imitating the adult behaviour were common among the ________ in British Columbia.

Accepted Answer

Charles James Nowell's recollections specifically mention British Columbia, and the Kwakwaka'wakw are an Indigenous group from that region. Therefore, A) Kwakwaka'wakw is the correct choice. The other options listed are not Indigenous groups from British Columbia.

Question 14

In Canada,Transcultural Psychiatric Studies was established at McGill University to explore

Accepted Answer

Transcultural Psychiatric Studies was established at McGill University in Canada to explore the effects of culture on psychiatric disorders.

Question 15

Ruth Benedict's theory that cultures are formed through the unconscious selection of a few cultural traits that interweave to form a cohesive pattern shared by all members of that culture is called

Accepted Answer

Benedict's theory is that cultures are formed through the unconscious selection of a few cultural traits which interweave to form a cohesive pattern shared by all members of that culture. This theory is known as cultural configuration.

Question 16

By the 1960s American influence in Canadian anthropology had become very visible,however,________ and ________ was no longer an important theoretical orientation in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The 1960s marked a shift away from the culture and personality theoretical orientation in American anthropology. While American influence in Canadian anthropology was growing at this time, magic and religion were not mentioned as being important theoretical orientations in this question. Health and illness, conflict and violence, and inequality and disease were also not mentioned as being relevant to the question.

Question 17

Among the First Nations ________ is biologically a male who opts to wear female clothing,may engage in sexual relations with a man as well as a woman,and performs female tasks.

Accepted Answer

The term "berdache" was historically used by anthropologists to describe individuals in some Indigenous cultures who were considered to have both male and female spiritual qualities and who often dressed and performed tasks traditionally associated with the opposite gender. However, it is important to note that this term is now considered outdated and offensive by many Indigenous people, and other terms such as "Two-Spirit" or specific tribal terms are now preferred.

Question 18

Margaret Mead's research among the Arapesh,Mundugumor and Tchambuli demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

Margaret Mead's research among the Arapesh, Mundugumor, and Tchambuli demonstrated that gender is culturally defined, rather than innate or universal. She found that gender roles, behaviors, and expectations varied significantly between these three cultures, challenging the idea that gender is determined biologically.

Question 19

Canadian anthropologists began collaborating with psychologists and psychiatrists to explore

Accepted Answer

The answer of Canadian anthropologists began collaborating with psychologists and...

Question 20

Culture and Personality as a school was never "strongly" developed in Canada

Accepted Answer

The statement mentions the strong influence of British social anthropology in Canada, which suggests that the focus was on a different theoretical school of thought. Therefore, this factor limited the development of Culture and Personality as a school in Canada.

Quiz 6: Personality and Identity Over the Life Cycle