Question 1

What is the ratio of the density of a liquid or solid to the density of pure water?
A) Buoyancy
B) Baume gravity
C) Specific gravity
D) API gravity

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. Buoyancy is the principle that a solid object will float if its density is less than the fluid in which it is suspended.
B) Incorrect. Baume gravity is the industrial manufacturing measurement standard used to measure the gravity of nonhydrocarbon materials.
C) Correct. Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a liquid or solid to the density of pure water.
D) Incorrect. API gravity is the American Petroleum Institute standard used to measure the density of hydrocarbons.

Question 2

What is the ratio of an object's mass to its volume?
A) Elasticity
B) Mass
C) Viscosity
D) Density

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. Elasticity is an object's tendency to return to its original shape after it has been stretched or compressed.
B) Incorrect. Mass is the amount of matter in a body or object measured by its resistance to a change in motion.
C) Incorrect. Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.
D) Correct. Density is the ratio of an object's mass to its volume.

Question 3

What happens to materials that are lighter than water?
A) They sink
B) They float
C) They hover above water
D) The properties of the substance change when water is added

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. Materials that are heavier than water will sink.
B) Correct. Materials that are lighter than water will float.
C) Incorrect. Materials that are lighter than water will float.
D) Incorrect. Materials that are lighter than water will float.

Question 4

What happens if you blow up a balloon so much that it is permanently deformed?
A) Elastic limit
B) Viscosity limit
C) Density limit
D) Specific gravity

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. Elastic limit is the greatest amount of stress a material is capable of sustaining without permanent deformation.
B) Incorrect. Elastic limit is the greatest amount of stress a material is capable of sustaining without permanent deformation.
C) Incorrect. Elastic limit is the greatest amount of stress a material is capable of sustaining without permanent deformation.
D) Incorrect. Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a liquid or solid to the density of pure water.

Question 5

What principle states that a solid object will float if its density is less than the fluid in which it is suspended?
A) Buoyancy
B) Boyle's Law
C) Charles' Law
D) Combined Law

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. Buoyancy is the principle that a solid object will float if its density is less than the fluid in which it is suspended.
B) Incorrect. Boyle's Law states that at a constant temperature as the pressure of gas increases, the volume of the gas decreases.
C) Incorrect. Charles' Law states that at a constant pressure the volume of a gas increases as the temperature of the gas increases.
D) Incorrect. The Combined Gas Law combines Boyle's Law and Charles' Law.

Question 6

What term is used to describe a phase change of solid to liquid?
A) Melting
B) Sublimation
C) Deposition
D) Vaporization

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. Melting describes the phase change of solid to liquid.
B) Incorrect. Sublimation describes the phase change of solid to vapor.
C) Incorrect. Deposition describes the phase change of vapor to solid.
D) Incorrect. Vaporization describes the phase change of liquid to vapor.

Question 7

What causes less friction, energy, and wear than sliding an object to produce friction?
A) Rolling an object
B) Bouncing an object
C) Rocking an object
D) Wobbling an object

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. It is important to understand that sliding an object back and forth over a surface produces more friction, requires more energy, and causes more wear than rolling an object.
B) Incorrect. It is important to understand that sliding an object back and forth over a surface produces more friction, requires more energy, and causes more wear than rolling an object.
C) Incorrect. It is important to understand that sliding an object back and forth over a surface produces more friction, requires more energy, and causes more wear than rolling an object.
D) Incorrect. It is important to understand that sliding an object back and forth over a surface produces more friction, requires more energy, and causes more wear than rolling an object.

Question 8

What term is used to describe a phase change of liquid to vapor?
A) Melting
B) Sublimation
C) Deposition
D) Vaporization

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. Melting describes the phase change of solid to liquid.
B) Incorrect. Sublimation describes the phase change of solid to vapor.
C) Incorrect. Deposition describes the phase change of vapor to solid.
D) Correct. Vaporization describes the phase change of liquid to vapor.

Question 9

What is the boiling point of water in Celsius?
A) 100
B) 212
C) 373
D) 672

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. The boiling point of water in Celsius is 100 degrees.
B) Incorrect. The boiling point of water in Fahrenheit is 212 degrees.
C) Incorrect. The boiling point of water in Kelvin is 373 K.
D) Incorrect. The boiling point of water in Rankine is 672 degrees.

Question 10

Which state of matter is a substance with definite mass but no definite shape?
A) Solids
B) Liquids
C) Gases
D) Plasma

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. Solids are a substance with a definite volume and a fixed shape.
B) Incorrect. Liquids are substances with a definite volume but no fixed shape.
C) Correct. Gases are substances with definite mass but no definite shape.
D) Incorrect. Plasma is a gas that contains positive and negative ions.

Question 11

What is it called when a substance changes from one physical state to another?
A) Baume gravity
B) Friction
C) Phase change
D) Boiling point

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. Baume gravity is the industrial manufacturing measurement standard used to measure the gravity of nonhydrocarbon materials.
B) Incorrect. Friction is the resistance encountered when one material slides against another.
C) Correct. Phase change occurs when a substance changes from one physical state to another.
D) Incorrect. Boiling point is the temperature at which liquid physically changes to a gas at a given pressure.

Question 12

What is the distance traveled over time or change in position over time?
A) Flow
B) Velocity
C) Friction
D) Calorie

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. Flow is the movement of fluids.
B) Correct. Velocity is the distance traveled over time or change in position over time.
C) Incorrect. Friction is the resistance encountered when one material slides against another.
D) Incorrect. Calorie is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

Question 13

What could happen if a process technician does not understand fluid flow principles?
A) An opening of a new path
B) Closing of the original path
C) A decrease in backflow pressure that could damage the pump
D) An increase in backflow pressure that could damage the pump

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. If a technician does not have a firm understanding about fluid flow principles, the process technician might not realize that one must open a new path (valve A) before closing off the original path (valve B). Failure to perform these steps in this order could cause an increase in backflow pressure that could damage or "deadhead" the pump.
B) Incorrect. If a technician does not have a firm understanding about fluid flow principles, the process technician might not realize that one must open a new path (valve A) before closing off the original path (valve B). Failure to perform these steps in this order could cause an increase in backflow pressure that could damage or "deadhead" the pump.
C) Correct. If a technician does not have a firm understanding about fluid flow principles, the process technician might not realize that one must open a new path (valve A) before closing off the original path (valve B). Failure to perform these steps in this order could cause an increase in backflow pressure that could damage or "deadhead" the pump.
D) Incorrect. If a technician does not have a firm understanding about fluid flow principles, the process technician might not realize that one must open a new path (valve A) before closing off the original path (valve B). Failure to perform these steps in this order could cause an increase in backflow pressure that could damage or "deadhead" the pump.

Question 14

What term describes the movement of fluids?
A) Flow
B) Velocity
C) Friction
D) Calorie

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. Flow is the movement of fluids.
B) Incorrect. Velocity is the distance traveled over time or change in position over time.
C) Incorrect. Friction is the resistance encountered when one material slides against another.
D) Incorrect. Calorie is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

Question 15

Why do objects and people float better in salt water?
A) Salt water has a higher specific gravity
B) Salt water has a lower specific gravity
C) Salt water has a higher API gravity
D) Salt water has a lower API gravity

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. Salt water has a higher specific gravity than freshwater causing objects to have more buoyancy.
B) Incorrect. Salt water has a higher specific gravity than freshwater causing objects to have more buoyancy.
C) Incorrect. Salt water has a higher specific gravity than freshwater causing objects to have more buoyancy.
D) Incorrect. Salt water has a higher specific gravity than freshwater causing objects to have more buoyancy.

Question 16

In the simplest relationship between weight flow rate and fluid velocity, what happens to the velocity of fluid if the diameter of the pipe decreases?
A) Velocity will increase
B) Velocity will decrease
C) Velocity will not change
D) Velocity cannot be measured

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. For a constant weight flow rate, the velocity of fluid will increase if the cross-sectional area or diameter (d) of the pipe decreases.
B) Incorrect. For a constant weight flow rate, the velocity of fluid will increase if the cross-sectional area or diameter (d) of the pipe decreases.
C) Incorrect. For a constant weight flow rate, the velocity of fluid will increase if the cross-sectional area or diameter (d) of the pipe decreases.
D) Incorrect. For a constant weight flow rate, the velocity of fluid will increase if the cross-sectional area or diameter (d) of the pipe decreases.

Question 17

What is the amount of matter in a body or object measured by its resistance to change in motion?
A) Atom
B) Mass
C) Weight
D) Density

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. An atom is the smallest indivisible unit of matter.
B) Correct. Mass is the amount of matter in a body or object measured by its resistance to a change in motion.
C) Incorrect. Weight is a measure of the force of gravity on an object.
D) Incorrect. Density is the ratio of an object's mass to its volume.

Question 18

Which state of matter is a substance with a definite volume and a fixed shape?
A) Solids
B) Liquids
C) Gases
D) Plasma

Accepted Answer

A) Correct. Solids are a substance with a definite volume and a fixed shape.
B) Incorrect. Liquids are substances with a definite volume but no fixed shape.
C) Incorrect. Gases are substances with definite mass but no definite shape.
D) Incorrect. Plasma is a gas that contains positive and negative ions.

Question 19

What happens to molecular movement as the temperature decreases?
A) Molecular movement increases
B) Molecular movement decreases
C) Molecular movement does not change
D) Molecular movement cannot be measured

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. As temperature decreases, so does molecular movement.
B) Correct. As temperature decreases, so does molecular movement.
C) Incorrect. As temperature decreases, so does molecular movement.
D) Incorrect. As temperature decreases, so does molecular movement.

Question 20

What tasks might a process technician perform that requires a firm understanding of physics?
A) Opening valves
B) Checking pressures
C) Monitoring fluid and gas flows
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect. During normal, everyday operations, process technicians are required to open valves, check pressures, monitor fluid and gas flows, monitor furnace operations, and much more. In order to perform these tasks effectively, a technician must have a firm understanding of physics.
B) Incorrect. During normal, everyday operations, process technicians are required to open valves, check pressures, monitor fluid and gas flows, monitor furnace operations, and much more. In order to perform these tasks effectively, a technician must have a firm understanding of physics.
C) Incorrect. During normal, everyday operations, process technicians are required to open valves, check pressures, monitor fluid and gas flows, monitor furnace operations, and much more. In order to perform these tasks effectively, a technician must have a firm understanding of physics.
D) Correct. During normal, everyday operations, process technicians are required to open valves, check pressures, monitor fluid and gas flows, monitor furnace operations, and much more. In order to perform these tasks effectively, a technician must have a firm understanding of physics.

Quiz 11: Basic Physics

What is the ratio of the density of a liquid or solid to the density of pure water?

What is the ratio of an object's mass to its volume?

What happens to materials that are lighter than water?

What happens if you blow up a balloon so much that it is permanently deformed?

What principle states that a solid object will float if its density is less than the fluid in which it is suspended?

What term is used to describe a phase change of solid to liquid?

What causes less friction, energy, and wear than sliding an object to produce friction?

What term is used to describe a phase change of liquid to vapor?

What is the boiling point of water in Celsius?

Which state of matter is a substance with definite mass but no definite shape?

What is it called when a substance changes from one physical state to another?

What is the distance traveled over time or change in position over time?

What could happen if a process technician does not understand fluid flow principles?

What term describes the movement of fluids?

Why do objects and people float better in salt water?

In the simplest relationship between weight flow rate and fluid velocity, what happens to the velocity of fluid if the diameter of the pipe decreases?

What is the amount of matter in a body or object measured by its resistance to change in motion?

Which state of matter is a substance with a definite volume and a fixed shape?

What happens to molecular movement as the temperature decreases?

What tasks might a process technician perform that requires a firm understanding of physics?