Question 1

The part of the hindbrain that controls functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure is the ________.
A) cerebral cortex
B) medulla
C) cerebellum
D) pons

Accepted Answer

The medulla oblongata, located in the hindbrain, controls functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as decision making, problem-solving, and perception. The cerebellum is important for motor coordination and balance, while the pons is involved in sleep regulation and facial nerve functions.

Question 2

Jayden was in a four-wheeler accident that resulted in an injury to his brain. He now has difficulty with his hearing and his ability to recognize faces. The part of his brain most likely injured was the ________ lobe.
A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe processes auditory information and helps with the recognition of faces, as well as the processing of visual information in general.

Question 3

The cerebellum is sometimes referred to as ________.
A) the forgotten brain
B) the midbrain
C) the little brain
D) the main brain

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is sometimes referred to as the "little brain" because of its size and structure.

Question 4

The lobe of the brain that serves as the "executive control center" for the brain is the ________ lobe.
A) occipital
B) frontal
C) parietal
D) temporal

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe of the brain is responsible for numerous functions including decision making, problem solving, reasoning, planning, and controlling movement. These functions collectively indicate that the frontal lobe serves as the "executive control center" for the brain.

Question 5

After he finished shopping for a new coat, Adam returned to his car in the parking lot to find that someone had broken his back windows and stolen his laptop. Furious, Adam began to yell and kicked at his side door. What area of the brain was guiding his behavior?
A) the hypothalamus
B) the medulla
C) the thalamus
D) the midbrain

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in the regulation of emotions and stress responses, including anger and aggression, which would be involved in Adam's furious reaction to the theft and damage to his car.

Question 6

The section of the frontal lobe responsible for voluntary movement is the ________.
A) primary motor cortex
B) association areas
C) primary somatosensory cortex
D) sensory projection areas

Accepted Answer

The primary motor cortex, located in the frontal lobe, is responsible for voluntary movement control.

Question 7

The intricate network of folds that line the outer surface of the cerebral cortex, allowing it to fit inside the skull, are called ________.
A) convolutions
B) sensory projection areas
C) association areas
D) motor projections

Accepted Answer

The intricate network of folds on the outer surface of the cerebral cortex are called convolutions. These convolutions increase the surface area of the cortex, allowing for more neurons to be packed into the limited space of the skull. The other options (sensory projection areas, association areas, and motor projections) refer to specific regions or functions within the cortex, but do not describe the folds themselves.

Question 8

"Split brain" patients are patients who have had ________.
A) their cerebellum split in the middle
B) their brain stem cut down the middle
C) their corpus callosum cut
D) a prefrontal lobotomy

Accepted Answer

"Split brain" patients are those who have had their corpus callosum cut. The corpus callosum is a band of nerves that connects the two hemispheres of the brain, and cutting it is often done as a treatment for severe epilepsy. This results in the two hemispheres of the brain being unable to communicate directly with each other, causing certain cognitive and perceptual effects.

Question 9

The limbic system is responsible for ________.
A) controlling learning and emotional behavior
B) connecting the brain to the rest of the body
C) filtering incoming messages to the brain
D) fighting disease organisms that attempt to infect the brain

Accepted Answer

The limbic system is responsible for controlling learning and emotional behavior. It includes structures like the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus, which are involved in various aspects of emotion, memory, and motivation.

Question 10

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks?
A) the front hemisphere
B) the right hemisphere
C) the rear hemisphere
D) the left hemisphere

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is typically dominant in language tasks. This includes functions such as speech production, speech comprehension, reading, and writing.

Question 11

Messages from the sense receptors are registered in those areas of the brain called the ________.
A) hemispheric lateralization areas
B) primary somatosensory cortex
C) motor projection areas
D) association areas

Accepted Answer

The primary somatosensory cortex is responsible for processing sensory information from the body.

Question 12

A "split brain" patient is asked to stare at a spot on a screen. When a picture of an object is shown to the left of the spot, the patient can ________.
A) pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand, but cannot identify it verbally
B) identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand
C) identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand
D) pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand, but cannot identify it verbally

Accepted Answer

In split-brain patients, the right hemisphere processes information from the left visual field and controls the left hand. Since the right hemisphere is not typically involved in language, the patient cannot verbally identify the object but can use the left hand to pick it out.

Question 13

Priya was in a skiing accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. She now has difficulty reading road maps and telling other people how to get somewhere. She has most likely suffered an injury to her ________ lobe.
A) occipital
B) temporal
C) frontal
D) parietal

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for spatial awareness and processing sensory information, which is crucial in tasks such as navigating and giving directions. Therefore, Priya's difficulty in reading road maps and providing directions suggests damage to her parietal lobe. The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for vision, the temporal lobe for auditory perception and memory, and the frontal lobe for higher-level cognitive functioning such as decision-making and problem-solving, none of which seem to be directly related to Priya's symptoms.

Question 14

The area of the frontal lobe that is crucial in our ability to talk is ________ area.
A) Gall's
B) Broca's
C) Korsakoff's
D) Wernicke's

Accepted Answer

Broca's area, located in the left frontal lobe, is responsible for our ability to produce speech. The other areas listed (Gall's, Korsakoff's, and Wernicke's) do not specifically relate to speech production.

Question 15

After a car accident in which Anita hit her head on the steering wheel, she has had trouble following directions or completing her normal work tasks. She is also apathetic, and has difficulty reasoning and making decisions. The damaged part of her brain is probably the ________ lobes.
A) occipital
B) parietal
C) temporal
D) frontal

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobes are responsible for higher cognitive functions such as decision-making, reasoning, and problem-solving. Damage to this area can result in apathy, difficulty completing tasks, and trouble following directions.

Question 16

The ________ is believed to be the earliest part of the brain to evolve.
A) midbrain
B) hindbrain
C) forebrain
D) limbic system

Accepted Answer

The hindbrain is believed to be the earliest part of the brain to evolve, controlling basic functions like breathing and heart rate. The midbrain and forebrain developed later and are responsible for more complex functions like sensory processing and decision making. The limbic system is a group of structures within the forebrain that are involved in emotions and memory, and is believed to have evolved later in species development.

Question 17

A baby is born with an impairment of his left cerebral hemisphere, but it is not discovered until years later, when certain clues are pieced together. Which of the following is most likely to be one of those clues?
A) He has difficulty identifying colors.
B) He has difficulty perceiving concepts and spatial relationships.
C) He has difficulty learning to read.
D) He has difficulty recognizing people's faces.

Accepted Answer

The left cerebral hemisphere is primarily responsible for language and analytical tasks, including reading. Difficulty learning to read could be a clue pointing to an impairment in the left hemisphere.

Question 18

A college student is having difficulty with his sleep cycle. He finds himself up at all hours of the night, and falling asleep during the day. This difficulty is most likely due to problems in the ________.
A) cerebellum
B) basal ganglia
C) pons
D) substantia nigra

Accepted Answer

The pons is a part of the brainstem that is responsible for regulating sleep and alertness. Dysfunction in the pons can lead to disruptions in sleep patterns, which could explain the college student's difficulties. The cerebellum, basal ganglia, and substantia nigra are not directly involved in sleep regulation.

Question 19

The part of the brain responsible for emotional behavior such as experiencing rage, terror, or pleasure is the ________.
A) amygdala
B) hippocampus
C) thalamus
D) hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The answer of The part of the brain responsible for...

Question 20

Anesthetics work primarily by shutting down the ________.
A) endocrine system
B) reticular formation
C) limbic system
D) dopamine receptor sites

Accepted Answer

Anesthetics work by shutting down the reticular formation, which is responsible for regulating consciousness and wakefulness. This is why anesthetics can cause a loss of sensation and consciousness. The endocrine system, limbic system, and dopamine receptor sites are not directly affected by anesthetics.

Quiz 2: The Biological Basis of Behavior

The part of the hindbrain that controls functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure is the ________.

Jayden was in a four-wheeler accident that resulted in an injury to his brain. He now has difficulty with his hearing and his ability to recognize faces. The part of his brain most likely injured was the ________ lobe.

The cerebellum is sometimes referred to as ________.

The lobe of the brain that serves as the "executive control center" for the brain is the ________ lobe.

After he finished shopping for a new coat, Adam returned to his car in the parking lot to find that someone had broken his back windows and stolen his laptop. Furious, Adam began to yell and kicked at his side door. What area of the brain was guiding his behavior?

The section of the frontal lobe responsible for voluntary movement is the ________.

The intricate network of folds that line the outer surface of the cerebral cortex, allowing it to fit inside the skull, are called ________.

"Split brain" patients are patients who have had ________.

The limbic system is responsible for ________.

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks?

Messages from the sense receptors are registered in those areas of the brain called the ________.

A "split brain" patient is asked to stare at a spot on a screen. When a picture of an object is shown to the left of the spot, the patient can ________.

Priya was in a skiing accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. She now has difficulty reading road maps and telling other people how to get somewhere. She has most likely suffered an injury to her ________ lobe.

The area of the frontal lobe that is crucial in our ability to talk is ________ area.

After a car accident in which Anita hit her head on the steering wheel, she has had trouble following directions or completing her normal work tasks. She is also apathetic, and has difficulty reasoning and making decisions. The damaged part of her brain is probably the ________ lobes.

The ________ is believed to be the earliest part of the brain to evolve.

A baby is born with an impairment of his left cerebral hemisphere, but it is not discovered until years later, when certain clues are pieced together. Which of the following is most likely to be one of those clues?

A college student is having difficulty with his sleep cycle. He finds himself up at all hours of the night, and falling asleep during the day. This difficulty is most likely due to problems in the ________.

The part of the brain responsible for emotional behavior such as experiencing rage, terror, or pleasure is the ________.

Anesthetics work primarily by shutting down the ________.