Question 1

Metabolic heat (H_m) is the heat A) energy intake an organism must have for movement. B) released during cellular respiration. C) energy needed in order to undergo cellular respiration. D) energy loss due to evaporation. E) None of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Metabolic heat is the heat released during cellular respiration, which is the process of converting glucose into ATP (energy) that cells can use for various functions. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 2

Getting up from your chair you realize that it is warm. What is the method of heat exchange?
A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Evaporation
D) Radiation
E) None of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

When sitting in a chair, heat energy from your body is transferred to the chair through conduction. If the chair feels warm after you stand up, it indicates that heat has been exchanged through conduction.

Question 3

Desert plants can prevent overheating by utilizing all of the following temperature regulating methods except
A) paraheliotropism.
B) decreasing rates of radiative heating.
C) decreasing conductive heating.
D) increasing evaporative cooling.
E) increasing convective cooling.

Accepted Answer

Desert plants typically conserve water and do not rely on increasing evaporative cooling as a method to prevent overheating, as this would lead to water loss.

Question 4

Bluefin tuna and mackerel sharks are considered to be endothermic fish because their
A) lateral swim muscles heat cool venous blood, thereby elevating their body temperature above the surrounding water temperature.
B) abdominal swim muscles heat cool venous blood, thereby matching their body temperature to the surrounding water temperature.
C) lateral swim muscles cool warm arterial blood, thereby elevating their body temperature above the surrounding water temperature.
D) lateral swim muscles heat cool arterial blood, thereby elevating their body temperature above the surrounding water temperature.
E) lateral swim muscles heat cool arterial blood, thereby matching their body temperature to the surrounding water temperature.

Accepted Answer

Bluefin tuna and mackerel sharks are considered endothermic because their lateral swim muscles generate heat, which warms the cool arterial blood. This process elevates their body temperature above the surrounding water temperature, allowing them to maintain a higher level of metabolic activity and efficiency in colder waters.

Question 5

Which of the following are mismatched?
A) Psychrophile: salt-loving microbe
B) Thermophile: heat-loving microbe
C) Poikilotherm: body temperature varies with environment
D) Homeotherm: constant body temperature
E) None of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Psychrophiles are cold-loving microbes, not salt-loving microbes.

Question 6

It's a hot summer day, and you begin to sweat. What is the method of heat exchange?
A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Evaporation
D) Radiation
E) None of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

When you sweat, the liquids on your skin evaporate, taking away heat from your body and cooling you down. This is known as evaporative cooling, and it is a form of heat exchange.

Question 7

How are the studies performed on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the moss Pleurozium schreberi and the desert shrub Atriplex lentiformis similar?
A) Both studies examine the effects of microclimates.
B) Both studies support the concept that species operate within a narrow optimum temperature range.
C) Both studies are coupled to enzymatic activity.
D) Both studies examine the effects of microclimates and studies support the concept that species operate within a narrow optimum temperature range.
E) Both studies support the concept that species operate within a narrow optimum temperature range and are coupled to enzymatic activity.

Accepted Answer

Both studies on rainbow trout and the plants Pleurozium schreberi and Atriplex lentiformis likely explore how these organisms function within their specific environmental conditions, focusing on the concept that each species thrives within a narrow optimum temperature range. This concept is often linked to enzymatic activity, as enzymes, which drive metabolic processes, have optimal temperature ranges in which they function most efficiently. This connection suggests that the studies would examine both the temperature range and the associated biochemical processes to understand the organisms' adaptations to their environments.

Question 8

In general, reptiles are considered to be
A) ectotherms.
B) homeotherms.
C) endotherms.
D) endothermic poikilotherms.
E) endothermic heterotherms.

Accepted Answer

Reptiles are commonly known as "cold-blooded" animals, which means they are ectothermic and rely on environmental temperature to regulate their body temperature.

Question 9

Torpor and hibernation share all of the following except
A) duration.
B) decreased body temperature.
C) decreased metabolic rate.
D) decreased energy demand.
E) None of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Torpor and hibernation differ in their durations. Torpor can range from hours to days, while hibernation can last weeks to months. The other choices are all common characteristics of both torpor and hibernation.

Question 10

All of the following are components that influence a microclimate except
A) burrows.
B) vegetation.
C) ground color.
D) topography.
E) None of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

All of the components listed (burrows, vegetation, ground color, and topography) can influence microclimate, so none of the choices are incorrect.

Question 11

The body temperature of ________ varies directly with the environment.
A) homeotherms
B) poikilotherms
C) psychrotherms
D) envirotherms
E) microtherms

Accepted Answer

Poikilotherms are cold-blooded animals whose body temperature varies directly with the environment. Their body temperature changes with the surrounding temperature. Homeotherms, on the other hand, are warm-blooded animals whose body temperature is regulated internally and remains relatively constant. Psychrotherms, envirotherms, and microtherms are not recognized terms in biology.

Question 12

Most insects use external sources of heat to achieve their operative temperature range. Heinrich's research on the sphinx moth (Manduca sexta) indicates that some insects can thermoregulate by using their flight muscles and
A) using their blood as a coolant.
B) decreasing their metabolic rate.
C) possessing an internal respiratory system.
D) using a countercurrent heat exchange mechanism.
E) using a concurrent heat exchange mechanism.

Accepted Answer

Heinrich's research on the sphinx moth (Manduca sexta) indicates that some insects can thermoregulate by using their flight muscles and using their blood as a coolant.

Question 13

Research indicates that the broad-tailed hummingbird will enter into torpor
A) if a minimum surrounding air temperature is met.
B) during a summer drought.
C) if their body fat drops below 15%.
D) if darkness exceeds daylight hours.
E) if insufficient nectar is obtained.

Accepted Answer

Insufficient nectar is obtained, which is the primary food source for hummingbirds, can lead to torpor as a means of conserving energy.

Question 14

According to Kidron, Barzilay, and Sachs' research on the dune slopes of the Negev Desert, moss would most likely be found on ________ facing slopes due to ________.
A) south; decreased evaporation rates
B) south; increased evaporation rates
C) north; increased evaporation rates
D) north; decreased evaporation rates
E) Moss does not grow in the Negev Desert.

Accepted Answer

Moss would most likely be found on north-facing slopes due to decreased evaporation rates. This is because north-facing slopes receive less direct sunlight and therefore evaporate less moisture, creating a more favorable environment for moss growth.

Question 15

Mammalian and avian aquatic endotherms use all of the following mechanisms to thermoregulate except
A) fat
B) internal respiratory systems
C) fur or feathers
D) concurrent heat exchange
E) countercurrent heat exchange

Accepted Answer

Concurrent heat exchange is not a mechanism used by endotherms for thermoregulation. Instead, they use countercurrent heat exchange, which is more efficient in conserving heat.

Question 16

Which of the following survival mechanisms help animals survive very cold temperatures?
A) Hibernation
B) Countercurrent heat exchange
C) Basking
D) Both hibernation and countercurrent heat exchange
E) Both countercurrent heat exchange and basking

Accepted Answer

Hibernation helps animals survive very cold temperatures by allowing them to lower their body temperature and conserve energy. Countercurrent heat exchange allows animals to retain warmth in their extremities by transferring heat from arteries to veins. Both mechanisms are important for survival in cold environments. Basking, on the other hand, is a survival mechanism that helps animals regulate their body temperature in warmer environments.

Question 17

It is a very hot day, and you jump into a lake to cool off. What is the method of heat exchange?
A) Conduction
B) Radiation
C) Evaporation
D) Convection
E) None of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is a very hot day, and...

Question 18

Dolphins use ________ to conserve body heat.
A) concurrent heat exchange
B) countercurrent heat exchange
C) thoracic muscles
D) diet
E) All of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Dolphins use countercurrent heat exchange to conserve body heat. This mechanism allows for warm blood to exchange heat with cooler blood traveling in the opposite direction, thus conserving heat in the core of the body. Choice A is incorrect because concurrent heat exchange does not involve the exchange of heat between two different fluids or substances. Choice C is incorrect because thoracic muscles are primarily involved in the movement of the chest during breathing, and not in the regulation of body temperature. Choice D is incorrect because diet alone cannot effectively regulate body temperature in dolphins.

Question 19

The arctic and alpine cushion plants and the Camnula grasshopper both use ________ to aid in thermoregulation.
A) countercurrent heat exchange mechanisms
B) endothermic methods
C) increased water retention
D) torpor
E) dark pigmentation

Accepted Answer

Dark pigmentation helps in absorbing more heat from the sun, aiding in thermoregulation for both arctic and alpine cushion plants and the Camnula grasshopper.

Question 20

When an organism becomes acclimated to a new environmental situation; it will generally involve
A) physiological changes.
B) genetic changes.
C) sociological changes.
D) both physiological changes and genetic changes.
E) both genetic changes and sociological changes.

Accepted Answer

Acclimation involves physiological changes that allow an organism to adjust to new environmental conditions, rather than genetic or sociological changes.

Quiz 5: Temperature Relations

Metabolic heat (H_m) is the heat

Getting up from your chair you realize that it is warm. What is the method of heat exchange?

Desert plants can prevent overheating by utilizing all of the following temperature regulating methods except

Bluefin tuna and mackerel sharks are considered to be endothermic fish because their

Which of the following are mismatched?

It's a hot summer day, and you begin to sweat. What is the method of heat exchange?

How are the studies performed on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the moss Pleurozium schreberi and the desert shrub Atriplex lentiformis similar?

In general, reptiles are considered to be

Torpor and hibernation share all of the following except

All of the following are components that influence a microclimate except

The body temperature of ________ varies directly with the environment.

Most insects use external sources of heat to achieve their operative temperature range. Heinrich's research on the sphinx moth (Manduca sexta) indicates that some insects can thermoregulate by using their flight muscles and

Research indicates that the broad-tailed hummingbird will enter into torpor

According to Kidron, Barzilay, and Sachs' research on the dune slopes of the Negev Desert, moss would most likely be found on facing slopes due to .

Mammalian and avian aquatic endotherms use all of the following mechanisms to thermoregulate except

Which of the following survival mechanisms help animals survive very cold temperatures?

It is a very hot day, and you jump into a lake to cool off. What is the method of heat exchange?

Dolphins use ________ to conserve body heat.

The arctic and alpine cushion plants and the Camnula grasshopper both use ________ to aid in thermoregulation.

When an organism becomes acclimated to a new environmental situation; it will generally involve