According to learning paradigms, which one of the following is not a pathway by which phobias develop?
A) classical conditioning.
B) direct observation (watching others' fearful reaction).
C) information transmission (from books, movies, television).
D) operant conditioning.
E) passive conditioning

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Passive conditioning is not a pathway by which phobias develop. The other options, classical conditioning, direct observation, information transmission, and operant conditioning, are all recognized pathways for the development of phobias according to learning paradigms.

According to Learning Paradigms, Which One of the Following Is