Question 1

Why do you see a lemon as yellow?

Accepted Answer

When we see a lemon as yellow, it is because the lemon is reflecting yellow wavelengths in the yellow region of the visible spectrum. This means that the yellow light is being absorbed by the lemon, but the lemon is reflecting the yellow light back to our eyes, so we see it as yellow.

Question 2

Dr. Ngai just turned 40. To celebrate the beginning of his tenure in middle-age he went to the optometrist and had his vision checked. To Dr. Ngai's surprise the optometrist informed him he suffers from presbyopia, which is __________

Accepted Answer

Presbyopia is a condition related to aging that involves a loss of elasticity in the lens of the eye, which reduces the ability to focus on objects up close. This is why older individuals often need reading glasses or bifocals. Option A is describing myopia, option C is describing an issue with the iris and pupil that is unrelated to presbyopia, and option D is describing cataracts, which is another age-related condition but not the same as presbyopia.

Question 3

Which part of the eye regulates the size of the pupil?

Accepted Answer

The iris is the part of the eye that regulates the size of the pupil. The iris is a circular muscle that contracts and expands to control the size of the pupil, which regulates the amount of light that enters the eye.

Question 4

When we describe someone's eyes as blue, technically we are referring to his or her blue __________

Accepted Answer

The color of someone's eyes is determined by the pigmentation of the iris, which is the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil. The cornea is the clear, outer layer of the eye that covers the iris and pupil, while the sclera is the white part of the eye that surrounds the iris and pupil. Therefore, the correct answer is B) irises.

Question 5

This condition is sometimes referred to as "old eyes."

Accepted Answer

Presbyopia is the age-related loss of the eye's ability to change focus to see near objects. It typically occurs in people over the age of 40 and is sometimes referred to as "old eyes." Myopia is nearsightedness, hyperopia is farsightedness, and ageopia is not a recognized medical term.

Question 6

Cindy, age 20, can read the numbers on cars' license plates when they are very far away; however, she struggles to focus on the print on a newspaper while she is reading it. Cindy's condition is most likely __________

Accepted Answer

Cindy's ability to read license plate numbers from far away suggests that her distance vision is good. However, her struggle to focus on close-up print like a newspaper suggests a problem with near vision. Hyperopia, or farsightedness, is a common condition where a person has difficulty seeing objects up close. This is the most likely explanation for Cindy's symptoms.

Question 7

The first step in the visual process takes place when the __________ bends light rays in toward the pupil.

Accepted Answer

The cornea is a clear, dome-shaped tissue that covers the front of the eye. It is responsible for bending incoming light rays in toward the pupil.

Question 8

In vision, the term accommodation describes __________

Accepted Answer

Accommodation refers specifically to the adjustment made by the lens of the eye in order to focus images on the retina. This involves the flattening or bulging of the lens as needed to adjust the focal length of the eye. It is an important part of maintaining clear vision at different distances.

Question 9

When light waves enter the eye, they first pass through the __________

Accepted Answer

The cornea is the clear, outermost layer of the eye. It is responsible for refracting or bending light waves as they enter the eye, allowing them to pass through the pupil and reach the lens.

Question 10

Simeon has no trouble reading his math book, but he can't clearly see the teacher working problems on the white board in front of the classroom. Simeon likely has __________

Accepted Answer

Based on the symptoms described, Simeon can see distant objects clearly (reading his math book) but struggles to see nearby objects clearly (working problems on the whiteboard). This suggests that he has myopia, or nearsightedness, which is a condition in which the eye focuses incorrectly, causing distant objects to appear blurry. The other options (hyperopia, farsightedness, glasses) do not fit with the described symptoms as well as myopia does.

Question 11

Sensory receptors for vision are located on a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eyeball that is called __________

Accepted Answer

The sensory receptors for vision are located on the retina, a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eyeball that contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into neural signals which are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. The lens helps to focus light onto the retina, the cornea is the clear outer layer covering the iris and pupil, and the fovea is a small area on the retina that contains a high concentration of cones and is responsible for sharp, detailed vision.

Question 12

The change in the shape of the lens in order to focus on a visual image is known as__________

Accepted Answer

The change in the shape of the lens in order to focus on a visual image is known as visual accommodation. Fixation refers to the ability to maintain steady eye gaze on a specific object or location. Divergence and convergence refer to the ability of the eyes to move inwards or outwards, respectively, in order to focus on an object at different distances.

Question 13

What is the pupil of the eye?

Accepted Answer

The pupil is the small opening in the center of the eye that regulates the amount of light that enters the eye. It appears black because light is absorbed by the tissues inside the eye.

Question 14

The colored part of the eye that contains muscles to contract or expand the pupil is the __________

Accepted Answer

The iris is the colored part of the eye that contains muscles to contract or expand the pupil, controlling the amount of light that enters the eye. The lens is a transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina, the fovea is a small depression on the retina responsible for sharp, central vision, and the cornea is the clear, outermost layer that helps to focus light as it enters the eye.

Question 15

This part of the eye is composed of many thin layers and looks like a transparent disc.

Accepted Answer

The lens is composed of many thin layers and looks like a transparent disc.

Question 16

Which component of the eye contains the visual receptors?

Accepted Answer

The retina is the layer of tissue at the back of the eye that contains the visual receptors called rods and cones. These receptors are responsible for converting light into neural signals that are sent to the brain to create visual images. The sclera is the white outer layer of the eye, while the cornea is the clear front part of the eye that helps focus light. The posterior chamber is a fluid-filled space behind the iris but in front of the lens.

Question 17

The pupil is the __________

Accepted Answer

The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris through which light enters the eyeball.

Question 18

The clear, transparent protective coating over the front part of the eye is the __________

Accepted Answer

The clear, transparent protective coating over the front part of the eye is the cornea. The fovea is a small area in the retina responsible for high acuity vision. The sclera is the white part of the eye and the iris is the colored part that controls the size of the pupil.

Question 19

Light is focused on the retina by the __________

Accepted Answer

The lens is responsible for focusing light onto the retina. The pupil regulates the amount of light that enters the eye, the ganglion cells transmit visual information to the brain, and the iris controls the size of the pupil.

Question 20

The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by the __________

Accepted Answer

The pupil controls the amount of light entering the eye by dilating or constricting in response to different lighting conditions. The cornea and lens help to focus the light onto the retina, and the retina contains the cells that detect and process the light.

Quiz 3: Sensation and Perception