Question 1

Sigmund Freud argued that aggression ultimately springs from
A) an innate sexual drive.
B) a primitive death urge.
C) observation of aggressive adult models.
D) blocking of goal-directed behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Freud proposed that aggression has its roots in a primitive death urge, or "Thanatos," which is opposed to the life-giving and preserving "Eros" drive. This death urge represents a natural and self-destructive force in all individuals that contributes to their inevitable demise. Freud argued that human aggression is the result of this death drive being redirected outward, toward others.

Question 2

In analyzing the causes of aggression, social psychologists have focused on three primary ideas. Which of the following is not one of them?
A) Aggression is a variable trait; some humans rarely behave aggressively, while others cannot control aggressive impulses.
B) There is an inborn aggressive drive among human beings.
C) Aggression is a natural response to frustration.
D) Like other social behaviours, aggression is learned.

Accepted Answer

The three primary ideas focused on by social psychologists regarding the causes of aggression are: B) there is an inborn aggressive drive among human beings, C) aggression is a natural response to frustration, and D) like other social behaviors, aggression is learned. A) is not one of these primary ideas because it describes aggression as a variable trait among individuals rather than a general principle about the nature or cause of aggression itself.

Question 3

Philosopher Thomas Hobbes sees laws as necessary to restrain and control the "human brute." This brutish view of human nature was also held by
A) Jean-Jacque Rousseau
B) Albert Bandura
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Carl Rogers

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud shared a similar view of human nature as being driven by primal instincts and requiring societal laws and norms to maintain order and control.

Question 4

___________ aggression in humans appears to parallel __________ aggression in animals.
A) Hostile; silent
B) Hostile; social
C) Instrumental; social
D) Social; silent

Accepted Answer

The answer of ___________ aggression in humans appears to parallel...

Question 5

Of the following, which is the best example of instrumental aggression?
A) An angry football player tackles a quarterback after he has attempted a long pass.
B) A jealous wife finds her husband with another woman and shoots them both.
C) A group of mercenaries, hired to kill the dictator of a small country, arrange to poison him.
D) A man smashes his TV set after he cannot make it work.

Accepted Answer

Instrumental aggression is aggression that is used as a means to achieve a goal, rather than as an end in itself. In this scenario, the mercenaries are using aggression (poisoning the dictator) as a means to achieve their goal (killing him), making it the best example of instrumental aggression. The other options involve aggression that is not clearly instrumental - the football player may be angry, but his tackle may not have a clear goal beyond stopping the quarterback; the jealous wife's shooting is likely motivated by emotional reasons rather than a clear goal; and the man smashing his TV set is likely just frustrated rather than using aggression to achieve a specific end.

Question 6

According to your text, ______________ is an example of the human potential for extraordinary cruelty across the globe.
A) conformity.
B) genocide.
C) kidnapping.
D) obedience.

Accepted Answer

The text mentions that genocide is an example of the human potential for extraordinary cruelty across the globe. This refers to the intentional destruction of a particular racial, ethnic, or religious group, which has been committed by various societies throughout history.

Question 7

Aggression is any physical or verbal behaviour that
A) may result in physical or psychological damage.
B) springs from anger or hostility.
C) results in harm regardless of intent.
D) is intended to hurt someone.

Accepted Answer

Aggression is defined as behavior that is intended to injure or harm another person or living organism. Option D is the only choice that describes behavior that is intended to hurt someone.

Question 8

Tawanda is upset with TinA. During a social gathering she verbally cuts Tina down in front of others. Tawanda's behaviour is
A) assertive.
B) manipulative.
C) aggressive.
D) an example of displacement.

Accepted Answer

Tawanda's behaviour of verbally cutting Tina down in front of others is aggressive. She is expressing herself in a way that is intended to hurt or harm Tina, rather than assertively communicating her concerns or addressing the issue in a constructive manner.

Question 9

Twentieth-century humanity was the ________ educated, and homicidal, in history. Adding in genocides and human-made famines, there were approximately _____ million "deaths by mass unpleasantness."
A) most; 10
B) least; 10
C) most; 182
D) least; 182

Accepted Answer

This choice correctly states that twentieth-century humanity was the most educated and homicidal in history, and adds in the estimated number of deaths by mass unpleasantness, which is approximately 182 million when including genocides and human-made famines.

Question 10

According to the text, a dynamic salesperson who is self-assured, energetic, and "go-getting" on the sales floor should be described as
A) instrumentally aggressive.
B) manipulative.
C) aggressive.
D) assertive.

Accepted Answer

Being self-assured, energetic, and "go-getting" on the sales floor displays assertiveness, which is being confident and direct in pursuing one's goals. It does not necessarily involve aggression or manipulation, and therefore, options A, B, and C are incorrect.

Question 11

Which of the following would be considered aggression as the term is defined in the text?
A) A motorist accidentally hits a child who has run into the car's path.
B) An assertive salesperson manages to sell $200,000 worth of automobiles in one month.
C) A child attempts to hit a playmate with a rock but misses.
D) All of these choices.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would be considered...

Question 12

Who among the following argued that there is an inborn aggressive drive?
A) Bandura
B) Berkowitz
C) Lorenz
D) Dollard

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who among the following argued that there...

Question 13

The act of deliberately hurting someone while driven by anger and performed as an end in itself defines
A) aggression.
B) hostile aggression.
C) instrumental aggression.
D) deliberate aggression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The act of deliberately hurting someone while...

Question 14

Behaviour intended at harming and hurting someone defines
A) persuasion.
B) conformity.
C) foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
D) aggression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Behaviour intended at harming and hurting someone...

Question 15

Which of the following would be an example of aggression as defined in the text?
A) Sam accidentally slams the car door too quickly, and it hits Tim's knee.
B) Luisa urges her classmates not to vote for Marcy for dormitory senator, citing some rumours about Marcy's social life.
C) Carla, a dentist, delivers a shot of Novocain before pulling her patient's diseased tooth.
D) Joe's eagerness and enthusiasm result in his being promoted to sales manager in a very short time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would be an...

Question 16

Which of the following is not an example of aggression?
A) terrorism
B) a predator stalking its prey
C) assisted suicide
D) bar brawl

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not an...

Question 17

The death penalty has not been shown to effectively deter homicide. One reason for this is that most murders are the result of
A) hormonal influences.
B) hostile aggression.
C) instrumental aggression.
D) a malfunctioning amygdala.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The death penalty has not been shown...

Question 18

Which of the following is false?
A) Animals' social aggression and silent aggression seem to involve the same brain region.
B) Alcohol enhances violence by reducing people's self-awareness.
C) Low levels of serotonin are often found in the violence-prone.
D) "Hostile" aggression springs from emotions such as anger.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is false?
A) Animals'...

Question 19

Instinctive behaviour is behaviour that is
A) survival-oriented and common to most members of a species.
B) innate, unlearned, and shown by all members of a species.
C) reflexive and automatic but easily overcome by learning.
D) the way members of a species ought to behave.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instinctive behaviour is behaviour that is
A) survival-oriented...

Question 20

Cold, calculated mob murders should be classified as
A) genetically based.
B) hostile aggression.
C) instrumental aggression.
D) silent aggression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cold, calculated mob murders should be classified...

Quiz 9: Aggression: Hurting Others

Sigmund Freud argued that aggression ultimately springs from

In analyzing the causes of aggression, social psychologists have focused on three primary ideas. Which of the following is not one of them?

Philosopher Thomas Hobbes sees laws as necessary to restrain and control the "human brute." This brutish view of human nature was also held by

_ aggression in humans appears to parallel aggression in animals.

Of the following, which is the best example of instrumental aggression?

According to your text, ______________ is an example of the human potential for extraordinary cruelty across the globe.

Aggression is any physical or verbal behaviour that

Tawanda is upset with TinA. During a social gathering she verbally cuts Tina down in front of others. Tawanda's behaviour is

Twentieth-century humanity was the ____ educated, and homicidal, in history. Adding in genocides and human-made famines, there were approximately _ million "deaths by mass unpleasantness."

According to the text, a dynamic salesperson who is self-assured, energetic, and "go-getting" on the sales floor should be described as

Which of the following would be considered aggression as the term is defined in the text?

Who among the following argued that there is an inborn aggressive drive?

The act of deliberately hurting someone while driven by anger and performed as an end in itself defines

Behaviour intended at harming and hurting someone defines

Which of the following would be an example of aggression as defined in the text?

Which of the following is not an example of aggression?

The death penalty has not been shown to effectively deter homicide. One reason for this is that most murders are the result of

Which of the following is false?

Instinctive behaviour is behaviour that is

Cold, calculated mob murders should be classified as