Julia's behavior is typical of the actor-observer difference when she thinks that she did poorly on her exam because the questions were too hard, but that her friend did poorly because he is just not that smart.

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This is a classic example of the actor-observer difference, in which an individual tends to attribute their own negative behavior to external situational factors (such as difficult exam questions) while attributing negative behavior in others to internal dispositional factors (such as lack of intelligence).

Julia's Behavior Is Typical of the Actor-Observer Difference When She