Question 1

In the late 19th century,most sexuality research was done by:

Accepted Answer

In the late 19th century, medical doctors were the primary researchers of sexuality, often studying sexual functioning and dysfunction from a medical perspective.

Question 2

"How one behaves as a man or a woman is controlled primarily by our genes" would most likely be said by which kind of theorist?

Accepted Answer

This statement aligns with the biological perspective, which emphasizes the role of genetics and other biological factors in shaping behavior. Sociological theorists would likely focus more on cultural and social factors, while radical behaviorists would emphasize the role of environmental conditioning. Cognitive theorists would highlight the role of thought processes and mental structures, while humanistic theorists would emphasize subjective experiences and personal growth.

Question 3

According to evolutionary theory,we enter a sexual relationship to:

Accepted Answer

According to evolutionary theory, the ultimate goal of any behavior is to pass on one's genes to subsequent generations. Thus, the purpose of entering a sexual relationship is to increase one's chances of successfully reproducing and passing on their genes.

Question 4

If Freud is correct,sexual urges are least important while a child is in which stage?

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the latency stage occurs between the ages of 6 and 11, during which sexual impulses are suppressed and the child focuses on developing social relationships and intellectual pursuits. Therefore, sexual urges are least important during the latency stage.

Question 5

Behavioral theory is to reward as humanistic theory is to:

Accepted Answer

Humanistic theory is centered on the idea that individuals have an innate desire to reach their full potential and thrive in life. One way to foster this growth is through unconditional positive regard, which is when individuals are given acceptance, respect, and love without any conditions or judgment. It is in direct contrast to the behavioral theory's use of rewards to reinforce specific behaviors.

Question 6

A man wants to rid himself of sexual fantasies about young boys.A therapist shows the man pictures of boys,and if he responds with an erection,he receives an electric shock.Which theoretical perspective does this approach demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

This approach demonstrates a behavioral perspective, specifically the use of classical conditioning to eliminate an unwanted sexual response through punishment in the form of an electric shock.

Question 7

The best way to change societal views about sexuality,according to queer theorists,is

Accepted Answer

The answer of The best way to change societal views...

Question 8

Treating sexual disorders by rewarding desired behaviors would be recommended most often by:

Accepted Answer

Behaviorists focus on observable behavior and use techniques such as reinforcement to modify and change behaviors, making them the most likely to recommend rewarding desired behaviors in the treatment of sexual disorders.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about Freud's phallic stage?

Accepted Answer

The phallic stage is characterized by the development of the Oedipus complex in boys and penis envy in girls. It is also during this stage that the superego begins to develop. Freud considered the phallic stage to be the most important stage in psychosexual development.

Question 10

From which theoretical perspective might a researcher ask,"How does religion affect sexuality?"

Accepted Answer

The question of how religion affects sexuality would be best approached from a sociological perspective, as it involves examining the social and cultural factors that influence both religion and sexuality. A sociological approach would consider factors such as group norms, cultural beliefs, and social institutions in relation to both religion and sexuality. The other options listed may also be relevant to understanding the relationship between religion and sexuality, but a sociological perspective would be the most appropriate choice.

Question 11

Which theory emphasizes the structure of personality on the unconscious nature of sexuality?

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic theory, developed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes the importance of the unconscious nature of sexuality in the structure of personality. According to this theory, personality is shaped by the interplay of id (unconscious drives), ego (reality principle), and superego (internalized moral standards), and the sexual and aggressive instincts of the id play a central role in personality development. Freud also proposed the idea of psychosexual stages of development, reflecting the different stages of sexual development that every individual goes through from infancy to adulthood.

Question 12

The impacts of economic conditions,the law,and religion on sexual behaviors are stressed most by which theorists?

Accepted Answer

Sociological theorists emphasize the impact of social factors such as economic conditions, laws, and cultural/religious beliefs on sexual behaviors. They argue that sexual behavior is shaped by social norms, values, and institutions. Sociological theories focus on the social context in which sexual behavior occurs, rather than specific biological or psychological factors.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a major criticism of Freud's theory by modern psychologists?

Accepted Answer

While gathering mainly correlational data is a criticism of Freud's theory by some modern psychologists, it is not considered a major criticism compared to the other options listed. The major criticisms include: the theory being unscientific, difficult to test, based mainly on studying "sick" people, and the unconscious being extremely difficult to study.

Question 14

According to sociological theory,__________ is the first factor that influences our values about what is sexually right or wrong.

Accepted Answer

The family is considered the primary agent of socialization and is the first factor that influences our values, including those related to sexuality.

Question 15

Feminist theory argues that:

Accepted Answer

Feminist theory argues that the social construction of sexuality is based on power, with gender norms and societal expectations influencing how individuals express and experience their sexuality. This includes power dynamics related to gender, race, class, and other social identities. The other options are not supported by feminist theory.

Question 16

In which of Freud's stages does the superego begin to develop?

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory, the phallic stage (ages 3-6) is when the Oedipus complex occurs and the superego begins to develop as the child internalizes the moral standards of the same-sex parent.

Question 17

Sexual research in the modern sense began in the 19th century and focused primarily on:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sexual research in the modern sense began...

Question 18

Which type of theorist would state that the biggest sexual organ is between the ears?

Accepted Answer

The idea that the brain is the most important sexual organ is a cognitive perspective, because it emphasizes the role of mental processes and perceptions in shaping sexual behavior and desire. The other theories (humanistic, behavioral, radical behavioral, and social learning) may touch on sexual behavior, but do not specifically address the concept of the brain being the primary sexual organ.

Question 19

"Self-actualization" is an important principle to which kind of theorist?

Accepted Answer

Self-actualization is a key principle in humanistic psychology, as it focuses on the individual's potential to reach their highest level of personal growth and fulfillment. Abraham Maslow, a humanistic psychologist, developed the hierarchy of needs theory, which placed self-actualization at the top of the pyramid.

Question 20

"Get what you want NOW!" might be the motto of Freud's:

Accepted Answer

The id is the part of the psyche that operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of its desires and instincts. "Get what you want NOW" reflects the id's impulsive nature.

Quiz 2: Understanding Human Sexuality: Theory and Research