Question 1

The enteric plexus

Accepted Answer

The enteric plexus is found in the mucosa and consists of the myenteric plexus and the submucosal plexus. It helps control movement and secretions of the digestive tract, and contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons. Therefore, the best choice is E.

Question 2

Which of the following organs is retroperitoneal?

Accepted Answer

All of these organs are considered retroperitoneal, meaning they are located behind the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity.

Question 3

The myenteric plexus is found in the _____ of the digestive tract wall.

Accepted Answer

The myenteric plexus, also known as Auerbach's plexus, is a network of nerves located in the muscularis layer of the digestive tract wall. Therefore, among the given options, the best choice is D, muscularis.

Question 4

Abdominal organs that lie against the body wall and have no mesenteries are said to be

Accepted Answer

Abdominal organs that lie against the body wall and have no mesenteries are retroperitoneal.

Question 5

Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI tract assist in

Accepted Answer

Secretions in the GI tract such as gastric juices, pancreatic enzymes, and bile aid in the breakdown and digestion of food, helping to liquefy it and break it down into its nutrient components.

Question 6

What are the two major neurotransmitters of the ENS in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

The two major neurotransmitters of the ENS in the digestive tract are norepinephrine and acetylcholine.

Question 7

The abdominal cavity is lined with

Accepted Answer

The parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity. The omental bursa, mesenteries, and greater omentum are all structures within the abdominal cavity. Superficial fascia is not related to the lining of the abdominal cavity.

Question 8

The role of acetylcholine in the digestive tract is to _________,while the role of norepinephrine is to ______.

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine stimulates smooth muscle contraction and glandular secretion in the digestive tract, while norepinephrine inhibits smooth muscle contraction and glandular secretion.

Question 9

What disease is caused by the absence of enteric neurons in the distal large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Hirschprung disease, also known as congenital megacolon, is caused by the absence of enteric neurons in the distal large intestine. This leads to a functional obstruction and inability to move fecal matter through the affected segment of intestine. Symptoms typically present soon after birth and include difficulty passing stool, constipation, and abdominal distension. Treatment usually involves surgery to remove the affected segment of intestine.

Question 10

The lips,cheek,and tongue all aid in

Accepted Answer

The lips, cheeks, and tongue are all important in the process of mastication (chewing), speech, and swallowing. The lips help to form sounds in speech and also help to keep food in the mouth during chewing. The cheek muscles help to hold food in the mouth during chewing, and the tongue aids in moving food around in the mouth during chewing and also helps with speech and swallowing. Therefore, choice B (mastication, speech, and swallowing) is the most accurate answer.

Question 11

Beginning at the lumen,the sequence of layers of the digestive tract wall is

Accepted Answer

The sequence of layers of the digestive tract wall beginning at the lumen is mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.

Question 12

The oral cavity

Accepted Answer

The oral cavity is bounded by the lips, palate and cheeks.

Question 13

What is the function of enteric sensory neurons?

Accepted Answer

Enteric sensory neurons detect changes in chemical composition of digestive tract contents and also detect stretch of the digestive tract wall. These sensory neurons help regulate the movement and secretion of the digestive system. They send signals to the enteric motor neurons, which in turn stimulate or inhibit smooth muscle contraction and glandular secretion.

Question 14

What is the function of interstitial cells of the myenteric plexus?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial cells of the myenteric plexus function as pacemaker cells that promote rhythmic contractions of the smooth muscle in the digestive tract.

Question 15

The enteric nervous system acts independently of the CNS to control local reflexes in the digestive tract.

Accepted Answer

The enteric nervous system is sometimes referred to as the "second brain" because it can function independently of the central nervous system to regulate local reflexes in the digestive tract.

Question 16

Parasympathetic nerves extend to the digestive tract through the ____________ nerve.

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic nerves extend to the digestive tract through the vagus nerve, which is the tenth cranial nerve. It is responsible for the regulation of various involuntary activities such as digestion, heart rate, and respiratory rate.

Question 17

A man had a gunshot wound in his abdomen.The bullet passed through his anterior body and lodged inside the transverse colon.What layers did the bullet pass through to arrive at the location? (1)parietal peritoneum
(2)visceral peritoneum

Accepted Answer

The answer of A man had a gunshot wound in...

Question 18

Which of the following attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall?

Accepted Answer

The falciform ligament attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and separates the right and left lobes of the liver.

Question 19

What is the role of serotonin in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin plays a key role in stimulating motility within the digestive tract, helping to regulate the contraction and relaxation of the muscles in the gut wall. This promotes the movement of food and waste materials through the digestive system.

Question 20

A large amount of fat accumulates in the

Accepted Answer

The greater omentum is a large fold of the peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach and covers the abdominal organs, and it is a common site for the accumulation of fat.

Quiz 24: Digestive System