Question 1

Tatum is taking a class on intelligence,in which she learns that her generation is smarter than her parents' generation,who are smarter than their own parents.This progressive increase in intelligence scores is called the

Accepted Answer

The progressive increase in intelligence scores across generations is known as the Flynn effect, named after psychologist James Flynn who first identified the phenomenon. The other options (A, C, D) are not related to this specific concept of increasing intelligence scores.

Question 2

India was adopted soon after she was born.Since she has been taking a class on intelligence,she wonders aloud if her IQ is more similar to her adoptive parents' or her birth parents'.You can tell her that she is most likely to have an IQ that is similar to

Accepted Answer

IQ is largely influenced by genetics, so it is more likely to be similar to her birth parents'.

Question 3

Though the top 1 percent of children may be classified as intellectually gifted,only a small percentage will attain true eminence later in life.The three interacting factors that are thought to produce eminence are

Accepted Answer

The passage states that only a small percentage of intellectually gifted children will attain true eminence later in life. The three factors that are thought to produce eminence are general intelligence and specific abilities in one's chosen area, the ability to develop and apply creative approaches and solutions, and motivation and dedication. Therefore, option A is the best choice that matches the information provided in the passage. Option B, C, and D are not supported or mentioned in the passage.

Question 4

Clark has been having trouble in school,so Dr.Hunter,the school psychologist,gives him a series of tests.When he has finished,Dr.Hunter tells Clark's parents that his IQ is average.He says that Clark probably just needs to study harder to improve his grades.Clark's parents are frustrated,because they have no more tools to help Clark than they had prior to testing.Rather than this traditional _____________ approach to testing,they probably would have preferred if a _____________ approach had been used,so Clark could have received guided feedback to help him improve his scores.

Accepted Answer

The traditional static approach to testing involves assessing a student's abilities without providing feedback or guidance. A dynamic approach, on the other hand, involves interactive assessment with feedback and guidance to help the student improve.

Question 5

Laoghaire and Ryu are research assistants in a developmental psychology laboratory.They are to watch several hours' worth of video footage and code the various interactions.Laoghaire codes tapes 1 to 25 while Ryu codes tapes 26 to 50.When they are finished,they switch tapes so that Laoghaire can code tapes 26 to 50 and Ryu can code tapes 1 to 25.Neither is allowed to see how the other is coding until all the tapes have been coded by both of them.If Laoghaire and Ryu code in a similar fashion,the coding measurement will have

Accepted Answer

Interjudge reliability refers to the extent to which two or more independent raters or observers agree on how they score or classify a particular event or behavior. In this case, Laoghaire and Ryu are independent raters who are coding the same set of videos. If they code in a similar fashion, it indicates that there is a high degree of agreement or consistency between their ratings, suggesting interjudge reliability of the measure. Internal consistency refers to the extent to which all the items in a measure assess the same construct, and is not applicable in this scenario. Content validity refers to the extent to which a measure adequately represents the construct it is supposed to measure, and longevity refers to the durability or long-term stability of a measure, both of which are not relevant in this scenario.

Question 6

Dr.Stuart tells his students that academic success does not guarantee success in life.In fact,according to Sternberg's theory,there are three types of intelligence and schools tend to focus on the _______________ type and ignore the other two.

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's theory includes three types of intelligence: analytical, practical and creative intelligence. Schools tend to focus on analytical intelligence, which focuses on academic skills such as problem-solving, reading, and writing. However, practical intelligence, which involves common sense and social intelligence, and creative intelligence, which involves innovation and thinking outside the box, are also important for success in life.

Question 7

Identical twins raised in the same homes have IQs correlated at about.86.Identical twins raised apart have IQs correlated at about.75.Unrelated adopted children raised in the same home have IQs correlated at about.32.Based on this information and research on the heritability of intelligence,we can say that ___________________ of the population variability in intelligence can be attributed to the environment.

Accepted Answer

The fact that unrelated adopted children raised in the same home have IQs correlated at about .32 suggests that environmental factors play a role in IQ, but are not as important as genetic factors. The fact that identical twins raised in different environments have a correlation of .75 suggests that genetic factors are still very important. Taken together with research on the heritability of intelligence, we can conclude that between a quarter and a third of the population variability in intelligence can be attributed to the environment.

Question 8

In 1994,Herrnstein and Murray wrote a book called The Bell Curve,which stated that some ethnic groups are genetically inferior in terms of intelligence.They based this conclusion on the low average intelligence scores of particular groups.The book sparked considerable controversy and is still hotly debated.Those who argue that the book is racist and its conclusions false say that the differences among racial groups' IQ scores are due to

Accepted Answer

All of the choices are factors that contribute to the differences in IQ scores among racial groups. Cultural biases on IQ tests like the Wechslers can make it difficult for individuals from certain cultural backgrounds to perform well on these tests, which can result in lower scores. Additionally, family environment can play a significant role in shaping a child's cognitive development, and different racial groups may have varying experiences with poverty or lack of access to resources that can impact their IQ scores. Finally, educational opportunities and cultural values regarding cognitive skills can influence how different racial groups perform on IQ tests. Therefore, all of these factors should be taken into account when considering the IQ scores of different ethnic groups, rather than assuming that the scores are solely determined by genetic factors.

Question 9

Clint recently began school and he is having trouble with reading,writing,memory,and mathematical computation.He isn't very good at reasoning,planning,and evaluating feedback from others,and he needs others to help him solve problems.His family has him tested for mental disabilities,and the school psychologist reports that Clint's IQ is 61.This means that Clint is

Accepted Answer

An IQ score of 61 falls within the range of mild cognitive disability, developmental disability, or mental retardation. Clint's struggles with reading, writing, memory, mathematical computation, reasoning, planning, and problem-solving all suggest that he may have a cognitive disability. It is important for Clint and his family to receive support and accommodations to help him succeed in school and in life.

Question 10

Four friends with the same high IQs see each other at a 15-year class reunion.They are likely to still have a number of things in common,since intelligence is correlated with all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Intelligence is not correlated with the number of children one has.

Question 11

If you chart the IQ scores of every living Canadian,the statistical distribution will look like a

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are typically distributed in a normal distribution or bell curve, with the majority of scores clustering around the middle and fewer scores falling at the extreme ends. This is because intelligence is thought to be influenced by many different genetic and environmental factors, which creates a wide range of scores but results in the majority of people falling in the average or "normal" range. Bimodal or skewed distributions would suggest that there are distinct groups of people with high or low intelligence, which is unlikely to be the case in a general population sample. A flat distribution is also unlikely, as intelligence is not evenly distributed across the population.

Question 12

Clive is going on a good-will trip to an impoverished nation.While he is there he hopes to gather evidence that the country's educational system needs to be improved.He suggests that he and his fellow visitors give the local children the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV)to determine which educational areas need the most attention.What's wrong with his proposition?

Accepted Answer

The WISC is a standardized test developed in the United States and focuses heavily on cognitive skills and learning needed to succeed in Western educational and occupational settings. It does not measure skills that may be more relevant in the local culture or context, such as the ability to mix herbal remedies, construct sturdy shelters, or barter and trade for goods or services. Therefore, relying solely on the WISC to determine educational needs may miss important areas of focus that would better serve the community.

Question 13

Siblings Jamison and Marina both graduated from an exclusive private high school.Marina works hard to complete her college degree and eventually wins a prestigious apprenticeship with a leading business guru.She later starts her own business and attains significant financial success.Jamison,by contrast,drops out of college after the first year and subsequently drifts from one odd job to the next,getting fired more often than not.When his sister offers to help him build a business that could partner with his own,he says he isn't interested in doing the work involved.Interestingly,Jamison has a higher IQ than Marina.Why is she more successful?

Accepted Answer

Marina's success is attributed to her motivation, focus, hard work, and taking advantage of opportunities. Her intelligence may have contributed, but it was her determination and drive that led to her achievements. Her gender or birth order are not relevant factors in her success.

Question 14

Albert Einstein's brain was smaller than average,but some parts had extremely dense neural networks.One theory suggests that the ability to establish new neural networks increases processing speed and efficiency and therefore intellectual skills.In other words,individual differences in _______________________ may be key.

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that the dense neural networks in certain parts of Einstein's brain may have contributed to his intellectual skills. This points to the concept of brain plasticity, or the brain's ability to establish new neural networks and adapt to changing circumstances. Brain size, serotonin production, and occipital lobe functioning are not directly mentioned in the statement as key factors in individual differences in intellectual skills.

Question 15

Mr.Gannon tells his class that he is going to give them an intelligence test.The test,he says,is only a page long and will accurately tell him whether or not each student has a high IQ.When Moira receives her copy of the test,she sees that the questions include items like "Mr.Gannon is the best teacher I've ever had" and "I tell my parents what a good job Mr.Gannon does when he is teaching me." Clearly,Moira thinks,this test has little

Accepted Answer

The questions on the test do not seem to have anything to do with measuring intelligence, which suggests that the test lacks construct validity (i.e. it does not measure what it claims to measure). Internal consistency refers to the degree to which the questions on the test are related to each other, and cannot be determined from the information given. Crystallized intelligence and criterion-related validity are unrelated to the issue at hand.

Question 16

Jake has an MRI done to rule out the possibility that his migraines are being caused by abnormal growths.None appear,but the doctor tells Jake that he has an unusually large brain for a man his size and age.Jake brags to all his friends about his large brain,thinking that this is proof that he is highly intelligent.Unfortunately for Jake,the truth is that

Accepted Answer

Correlations between brain size and intelligence are weak, so brain efficiency is more important to the question of intelligence. While brain size may have some relationship to intelligence, the correlation is not strong enough to suggest that a larger brain always means higher intelligence. It is more important to consider how efficiently the brain functions rather than its overall size.

Question 17

Spence just received his IQ report,and his Full-Scale IQ is 110.The tester tells him that his score must be considered in context;that is,his IQ is a comparison of his score to the scores of

Accepted Answer

The tester tells Spence that his score must be considered in context, which means that it will be compared to the scores of his peers. Therefore, the best choice is D, all his peers (people who are about the same age).

Question 18

People with undiagnosed learning disabilities,or those who have not learned to accommodate,do not,by definition,perform as well on tests as their IQs suggest they should.Unfortunately,many people view achievement tests as if they were aptitude tests,and therefore assume that people with learning disabilities are less intelligent than they really are.This underestimation is called an

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with undiagnosed learning disabilities,or those who...

Quiz 10: Intelligence