Question 1

The part of the spinal cord indicated by the line is the _____ 
A) posterior (dorsal) root
B) posterior (dorsal) ramus
C) anterior (ventral) root
D) anterior (ventral) ramus

Accepted Answer

The line is indicating the posterior (dorsal) root, which is where sensory neurons enter the spinal cord. The posterior (dorsal) ramus and anterior (ventral) ramus refer to the branches of spinal nerves that exit the spinal column after the posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) roots have merged together. The anterior (ventral) root is where motor neurons exit the spinal cord.

Question 2

Which of the following contain cell bodies of sensory neurons?
A) anterior (ventral) gray horns
B) posterior (dorsal) gray horns
C) posterior (dorsal) root ganglia
D) lateral gray horns

Accepted Answer

The posterior (dorsal) root ganglia contain cell bodies of sensory neurons, which transmit sensory information from the periphery to the spinal cord. The anterior (ventral) and lateral gray horns contain cell bodies of motor neurons, which transmit motor commands from the spinal cord to muscles and glands. The posterior (dorsal) gray horns contain interneurons and the processes of sensory and autonomic neurons.

Question 3

The structure(s) indicated by the lines is/are the _____ 
A) anterior (ventral) ramus
B) posterior (dorsal) ramus
C) rami communicantes
D) posterior (dorsal) root

Accepted Answer

The answer of The structure(s) indicated by the lines is/are...

Question 4

Motor neurons that supply skeletal muscles have cell bodies in _____ gray horns of the spinal cord, and their axons exit the cord via a/an _____ root.
A) anterior (ventral), posterior (dorsal)
B) posterior (dorsal), posterior (dorsal)
C) anterior (ventral), anterior (ventral)
D) posterior (dorsal), anterior (ventral)

Accepted Answer

Motor neurons that supply skeletal muscles have cell bodies in the anterior (ventral) gray horns of the spinal cord and their axons exit the cord via an anterior (ventral) root. This is because they are part of the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements. The posterior (dorsal) gray horns are associated with sensory neurons and receive input from sensory neurons entering the spinal cord via the posterior (dorsal) root.

Question 5

There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves, consisting of the following groups: _____ pairs of cervical, _____ pairs of thoracic, _____ pairs of lumbar, _____ pairs of sacral, and _____ pair of coccygeal spinal nerves.
A) 31, 8, 12, 5, 5, 1
B) 41, 8, 13, 6, 6, 2
C) 31, 7, 12, 5, 5, 1
D) 24, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3

Accepted Answer

The human body has 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which are divided into 8 pairs of cervical, 12 pairs of thoracic, 5 pairs of lumbar, 5 pairs of sacral, and 1 pair of coccygeal nerves.

Question 6

The meninx indicated by the line is the _____ 
A) pia mater
B) arachnoid mater
C) dura mater

Accepted Answer

The answer of The meninx indicated by the line is...

Question 7

The _____ plexus serves the skin and muscles of the head, neck, and superior part of the shoulders and chest.
A) cervical
B) brachial
C) thoracic
D) lumbar

Accepted Answer

The cervical plexus is located in the neck and serves the skin and muscles of the head, neck, and superior part of the shoulders and chest. The brachial plexus serves the upper limb, the thoracic plexus serves the chest and abdominal wall, and the lumbar plexus serves the lower limb.

Question 8

The meninx indicated by the line is the _____ 
A) pia mater
B) arachnoid mater
C) dura mater

Accepted Answer

The answer of The meninx indicated by the line is...

Question 9

The meninx indicated by the line is the _____ 
A) pia mater
B) arachnoid mater
C) dura mater

Accepted Answer

The meninx indicated by the line is the arachnoid mater. The arachnoid mater is a delicate, spiderweb-like membrane that lies between the dura mater and the pia mater.

Question 10

The two main routes for sensory information traveling up the spinal cord to the brain are _____ tracts and _____ columns.
A) direct, indirect
B) spinothalamic, posterior
C) reticulospinal, vestibulospinal
D) corticospinal, corticobulbar

Accepted Answer

The two main routes for sensory information traveling up the spinal cord are the spinothalamic tract, which carries pain and temperature information, and the posterior column, which carries touch and proprioception (sense of body position) information. Option A is not accurate as there is no direct or indirect pathway for sensory information up the spinal cord. Option C and D are incorrect as they refer to motor tracts.

Question 11

The part of the spinal cord indicated by the line is the _____ 
A) anterior (ventral) root
B) posterior (dorsal) root
C) rami communicantes
D) spinal nerve

Accepted Answer

The answer of The part of the spinal cord indicated...

Question 12

A dermatome is an area of skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves or the trigeminal (V) nerve.

Accepted Answer

This is a correct definition of a dermatome.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a branch of a spinal nerve?
A) ramus communicans (plural: rami communicantes)
B) meningeal branch
C) lateral ramus
D) anterior (ventral) ramus

Accepted Answer

The spinal nerve branches into the dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, meningeal branch, and rami communicantes. There is no lateral ramus branch, making option C the correct answer.

Question 14

The two main routes for motor information traveling down the spinal cord are _____ pathways and _____ pathways.
A) corticospinal, posterior column
B) anterior spinocerebellar, posterior spinocerebellar
C) gracilis fasciculus, cuneate fasciculus
D) direct, indirect

Accepted Answer

The two main routes for motor information traveling down the spinal cord are the direct pathways (which include the corticospinal tracts) and the indirect pathways (which include tracts such as the rubrospinal tract). These pathways are responsible for voluntary and involuntary movements.

Quiz 17: The Spinal Cord and the Spinal Nerves

The part of the spinal cord indicated by the line is the _____

Which of the following contain cell bodies of sensory neurons?

The structure(s) indicated by the lines is/are the _____

Motor neurons that supply skeletal muscles have cell bodies in _ gray horns of the spinal cord, and their axons exit the cord via a/an _ root.

There are ___ pairs of spinal nerves, consisting of the following groups: _ pairs of cervical, _ pairs of thoracic, _ pairs of lumbar, _ pairs of sacral, and ___ pair of coccygeal spinal nerves.

The meninx indicated by the line is the _____

The _____ plexus serves the skin and muscles of the head, neck, and superior part of the shoulders and chest.

The meninx indicated by the line is the _____

The meninx indicated by the line is the _____

The two main routes for sensory information traveling up the spinal cord to the brain are _ tracts and _ columns.

The part of the spinal cord indicated by the line is the _____

A dermatome is an area of skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves or the trigeminal (V) nerve.

Which of the following is NOT a branch of a spinal nerve?

The two main routes for motor information traveling down the spinal cord are _ pathways and _ pathways.