Question 1

Which of the following researchers proposed parental investment theory?
A) David Buss
B) Walter Cannon
C) Robert Trivers
D) Stanley Schachter

Accepted Answer

Robert Trivers proposed parental investment theory.

Question 2

Psychologists who take an evolutionary view argue that natural selection favors behaviors that maximize an individual's
A) self-actualization.
B) acquisition of territory.
C) reproductive success.
D) material wealth.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychology posits that natural selection favors behaviors that increase an individual's chances of reproducing and passing on their genes. Therefore, the emphasis in evolutionary psychology is on behaviors that enhance an individual's reproductive success rather than on individual aspirations such as self-actualization or material wealth.

Question 3

According to parental investment theory, human males can maximize their reproductive potential by
A) actively contributing to the care of their offspring.
B) seeking partners who have strength and agility.
C) being highly selective in mating.
D) mating with as many females as possible.

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that because males have a lower biological investment in offspring (as they do not carry or nurse them), they can maximize their reproductive potential by mating with as many females as possible, spreading their genes widely.

Question 4

Evolutionary theory suggests that women place more emphasis than men on the ____ of a potential mate.
A) height
B) attractiveness
C) social status
D) youthfulness

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theory posits that women tend to prioritize a potential mate's social status due to its implications for resource availability and security, which are considered important for offspring survival and well-being.

Question 5

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females
A) make significant personal investments to produce and nurture offspring.
B) do not make significant personal investments to produce and nurture offspring.
C) may develop different mating strategies.
D) develop similar mating strategies.

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females may develop different mating strategies based on the differing investment required to produce and nurture offspring. Females typically have a higher investment, as they carry and give birth to offspring and usually provide the majority of care for them, while males have a lower investment and often focus more on finding multiple partners to increase their chances of passing on their genes.

Question 6

Evolutionary theory predicts that women should place more emphasis than men on all but which of the following partner characteristics?
A) ambition
B) intelligence
C) social status
D) physical attractiveness

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theory predicts that men should place more emphasis on physical attractiveness than women, as it is seen as a trait that signals health and fertility in potential mates. Women, on the other hand, are predicted to place more emphasis on other traits such as ambition, intelligence, and social status, which can provide resources and social support for themselves and their potential offspring.

Question 7

Research on gender differences in mate preferences has found that
A) women are indifferent to men's potential for parental investment.
B) men favorably disposed to investing in children are seen as more attractive.
C) women favorably disposed to investing in children are seen as more attractive.
D) men pay more attention to a potential partner's willingness to invest in children.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research on gender differences in mate preferences...

Question 8

Parental investment theory predicts that in comparison to men, women show ____ desire for variety in sexual partners, and ____ interest in sexual activity.
A) less; more
B) more; less
C) less; less
D) more; more

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that women, who typically invest more in offspring, are more selective and thus show less desire for variety in sexual partners and less interest in casual sexual activity compared to men.

Question 9

Which group tends to overestimate the interest the opposite sex has in them?
A) women
B) men
C) both sexes
D) neither sex, both are realistic

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently shown that men tend to overestimate the interest the opposite sex has in them more than women do. This phenomenon is often referred to as "sexual overperception bias."

Question 10

Research into gender differences in mate preference shows that, in comparison to men, women show ____ desire for partners who are intelligent, ambitious and have a high social status and ____ interest in attractiveness.
A) less; more
B) more; less
C) less; less
D) more; more

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research into gender differences in mate preference...

Question 11

Evolutionary theory suggests that men place more emphasis than women on the ____ of a potential mate
A) social status
B) youthfulness
C) ambition
D) intelligence

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theory suggests that men are more attracted to women who exhibit signs of youthfulness such as clear skin, symmetrical facial features, and a healthy physique. This is because these traits are seen as indicators of reproductive fitness and the ability to bear healthy offspring. In contrast, women are believed to place more emphasis on a potential mate's social status, ambition, and intelligence because these traits are associated with the ability to provide resources and protect offspring.

Question 12

Research into gender differences in sexual behavior shows that, in comparison to men, women show ____ desire for variety in sexual partners, and ____ interest in sexual activity.
A) less; more
B) more; less
C) less; less
D) more; more

Accepted Answer

Research generally indicates that women tend to show less desire for variety in sexual partners and less interest in sexual activity compared to men, due to evolutionary, social, and cultural factors.

Question 13

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females
A) make significant personal investments to produce and nurture offspring.
B) do not make significant personal investments to produce and nurture offspring.
C) may develop different mating strategies.
D) develop similar mating strategies.

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females may develop different mating strategies because they have different costs and benefits associated with reproduction due to differences in investment in offspring. Therefore, males and females are expected to have different preferences for partners, mating behaviors, and parental care.

Question 14

____ theory asserts that a species' mating patterns depend on what each sex has to invest in the way of time, energy, and survival risk to maximize the transmission of its genes to the next generation.
A) Drive
B) Inclusive fitness
C) Parental investment
D) Physiological equilibrium

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of parental investment theory, which suggests that the sex with greater investment in offspring (typically the female) will be more selective in choosing mates, while the sex with lesser investment (typically the male) will compete for access to mates. This theory helps to explain many of the differences in mating behaviors and strategies across species.

Question 15

Parental investment theory predicts that, in comparison to women, men show ____ interest in sexual activity and ____ willingness to engage in uncommitted sex.
A) less; more
B) more; less
C) less; less
D) more; more

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that men, due to lower biological investment in offspring, show more interest in sexual activity and more willingness to engage in uncommitted sex compared to women.

Question 16

What theory asserts that a species' mating patterns depend on what each sex has to invest in the way of time, energy, and survival risk to maximize the transmission of its genes to the next generation?
A) Drive
B) Parental investment
C) Physiological equilibrium
D) Inclusive fitness

Accepted Answer

The theory of parental investment asserts that a species' mating patterns depend on what each sex has to invest in the way of time, energy, and survival risk to maximize the transmission of its genes to the next generation. This theory suggests that the sex that invests more in offspring will have higher selective criteria for choosing a mate, as their investment is more costly and they must ensure that their offspring have the best chance of survival.

Question 17

Research into gender differences in sexual behavior shows that, in comparison to men, women are ____ likely to consent to sex with someone that they have known for a brief period of time, and show ____ interest in sexual activity.
A) less; more
B) less; less
C) more; more
D) more; less

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that women are less likely to consent to sex with someone that they have known for a brief period of time, and generally show less interest in sexual activity than men. This could be due to societal expectations and gender roles, as well as differences in hormonal and physiological factors.

Question 18

Parental investment theory suggests all of the following EXCEPT
A) human males are required to invest little in the production of offspring.
B) human males compete with other males for the "commodity" of reproductive opportunities.
C) human females can optimize their reproductive potential by mating with as many males as possible.
D) males and females may develop different mating strategies.

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that females have to invest more in their offspring than males, which makes them more selective about their mates. Therefore, it is unlikely that females would optimize their reproductive potential by mating with as many males as possible. Instead, they would likely be more selective about their mates, choosing males with high genetic quality and resources to invest in their offspring.

Question 19

Studies by evolutionary theorists of which of the following topics have drawn the MOST attention?
A) hunger
B) aggression
C) territoriality
D) sexual behavior

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theorists have generated a great deal of research and discussion in the area of sexual behavior, as it relates to reproduction and the passing on of genes to future generations.

Question 20

Research into gender differences in sexual behavior shows that, in comparison to women, men show ____ interest in sexual activity and ____ willingness to engage in uncommitted sex.
A) less; more
B) more; less
C) less; less
D) more; more

Accepted Answer

Research generally indicates that men show more interest in sexual activity and more willingness to engage in uncommitted sex compared to women, due to evolutionary, biological, and social factors.

Quiz 19: Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Which of the following researchers proposed parental investment theory?

Psychologists who take an evolutionary view argue that natural selection favors behaviors that maximize an individual's

According to parental investment theory, human males can maximize their reproductive potential by

Evolutionary theory suggests that women place more emphasis than men on the ____ of a potential mate.

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females

Evolutionary theory predicts that women should place more emphasis than men on all but which of the following partner characteristics?

Research on gender differences in mate preferences has found that

Parental investment theory predicts that in comparison to men, women show desire for variety in sexual partners, and interest in sexual activity.

Which group tends to overestimate the interest the opposite sex has in them?

Research into gender differences in mate preference shows that, in comparison to men, women show desire for partners who are intelligent, ambitious and have a high social status and interest in attractiveness.

Evolutionary theory suggests that men place more emphasis than women on the ____ of a potential mate

Research into gender differences in sexual behavior shows that, in comparison to men, women show desire for variety in sexual partners, and interest in sexual activity.

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females

____ theory asserts that a species' mating patterns depend on what each sex has to invest in the way of time, energy, and survival risk to maximize the transmission of its genes to the next generation.

Parental investment theory predicts that, in comparison to women, men show interest in sexual activity and willingness to engage in uncommitted sex.

What theory asserts that a species' mating patterns depend on what each sex has to invest in the way of time, energy, and survival risk to maximize the transmission of its genes to the next generation?

Research into gender differences in sexual behavior shows that, in comparison to men, women are likely to consent to sex with someone that they have known for a brief period of time, and show interest in sexual activity.

Parental investment theory suggests all of the following EXCEPT

Studies by evolutionary theorists of which of the following topics have drawn the MOST attention?

Research into gender differences in sexual behavior shows that, in comparison to women, men show interest in sexual activity and willingness to engage in uncommitted sex.