Question 1

Describe the route a sound wave must take to go from the outer ear to be registered in the brain. Be sure to name the structures of the ear that are relevant to this journey and what effect each of these structures has on the sound wave.

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Question 2

Motivation and expectation are two types of perceptual constancy.

Accepted Answer

Motivation and expectation are not types of perceptual constancy. Perceptual constancy refers to the brain's ability to perceive a constant object or environment despite changes in sensory input. Motivation and expectation are psychological factors that can influence perception but they are not considered types of perceptual constancy.

Question 3

Compare and contrast place theory and frequency theory. Include in your discussion the role played by the volley principle.

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Question 4

Explain the processes involved in light and dark adaptation. Also, describe the process by which an afterimage is created.

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Question 5

Explain what subliminal perception is. Describe research findings about the effectiveness of subliminal messages and their effect on people's behavior.

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Question 6

Our ability to locate sounds is greater when we can use binaural cues.

Accepted Answer

Binaural cues help us to locate sounds more accurately by using the time and intensity differences between sounds that arrive at each ear, allowing our brain to determine the location of the sound source.

Question 7

Retinal disparity and convergence are both types of binocular cues.

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the difference in the images received by the two eyes, and convergence is the degree to which the eyes turn inward to focus on an object. Both of these cues are used by the brain to create a perception of depth in 3D space, and both are binocular cues because they rely on input from both eyes.

Question 8

The apparent motion created by a rapid series of images of stationary objects is called the autokinetic illusion.

Accepted Answer

The autokinetic illusion is created by a rapid series of images of a single stationary object, not multiple stationary objects.

Question 9

Interposition, linear perspective, and elevation are all types of binocular cues.

Accepted Answer

Interposition, linear perspective, and elevation are examples of monocular cues, which can provide depth information when viewing a scene with one eye. Binocular cues, on the other hand, involve information taken in by both eyes, such as binocular disparity and convergence.

Question 10

Texture gradients, shadowing, and motion parallax are all types of monaural cues.

Accepted Answer

Texture gradients, shadowing, and motion parallax are examples of binocular cues, as they require the use of both eyes to perceive depth and distance. Monaural cues are auditory cues, such as the loudness and timing of sounds, which help to localize sound sources.

Question 11

Compare and contrast absolute threshold and difference threshold. How consistent are these thresholds across people, place, and time?

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Question 12

Discuss the reasons for and effects of hearing disorders such as deafness and tinnitus.

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Question 13

Compare and contrast sensation and perception. Also, describe the sequence of events that produces a sensation.

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Question 14

Name, compare, and contrast Helmholtz's theory of color vision with Hering's theory of color vision. In your discussion, explain which theory best explains color blindness and color afterimages.

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Question 15

Name the specific structures involved in our sense of smell and describe their functioning. Also, describe the role smell plays in our day-to-day living.

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Question 16

Describe the process in which light goes into the eye and is converted into nervous energy and transmitted to the brain. Be sure to mention the specific parts of the eye involved in each step of the journey.

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Question 17

Physical illusions and perceptual illusions are exactly the same. They are, in essence, two names to represent the same phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

Physical illusions refer to illusions caused by the properties of the stimulus, such as the size or shape of an object. Perceptual illusions refer to illusions caused by the way in which our brains interpret sensory information. While there can be overlap between these categories, they are not exactly the same phenomenon.

Question 18

Explain what pheromones are. Describe what role pheromones play in animal and human behavior.

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Question 19

Define pitch, amplitude, decibels, overtones, and timbre.

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Question 20

Differentiate between hue, brightness, and saturation. Also, compare and contrast additive and subtractive color mixing.

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Quiz 3: Sensation and Perception