Question 1

One of the most common and effective ways of coping with a conflict is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Compromise involves finding a solution where both parties give a little to meet in the middle. This is often the most effective way of resolving a conflict, as it allows both parties to feel heard and valued while still reaching a resolution. Being aggressive or withdrawing may escalate the conflict, and denying the conflict only prolongs and worsens the situation.

Question 2

The self-deceptive elements of defensive coping led Freud to believe that these elements were ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that self-deceptive elements of defensive coping were unconscious, meaning that individuals were not aware of these behaviors or thoughts.

Question 3

Acknowledging a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution to the problem or attain a difficult goal is called ________.

Accepted Answer

Confrontation involves facing a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution or achieve a goal. It can be a constructive way of dealing with stress, as opposed to sublimation (redirecting negative impulses into positive behavior), compromise (settling for less than what is wanted or needed), or aggression (responding to stress with hostility or violence).

Question 4

Deciding on a more realistic solution or goal when an ideal solution or goal is not practical is called ________.

Accepted Answer

Compromise involves finding a solution that satisfies both parties to some extent, even if it is not the ideal solution. This can be a more practical approach when an ideal solution or goal is not feasible. Intellectualization involves avoiding emotions and focusing on facts, withdrawal involves avoiding the situation altogether, and confrontation involves actively addressing the situation in a potentially confrontational manner.

Question 5

When individuals realize their adversary is more powerful than they are, a positive and realistic adjustment is ________.

Accepted Answer

When individuals realize their adversary is more powerful than they are, a positive and realistic adjustment is withdrawal. This means that they should retreat from the situation and reevaluate their options instead of trying to fight a losing battle. Aggression or regression may worsen the situation, and denial would be avoiding the reality of the situation.

Question 6

Refusing to acknowledge a painful or threatening reality is ________.

Accepted Answer

Denial is the defense mechanism of refusing to acknowledge or accept a painful or threatening reality. Projection involves attributing one's own thoughts or feelings onto someone else, repression involves pushing uncomfortable thoughts or memories into the unconscious, and rationalization involves creating false or justifying explanations for one's behavior or feelings.

Question 7

Lilly has been told by her doctor that she is suffering from a terminal illness. Instead of making preparations for her demise, she acts as if nothing is wrong and tells her friends that her doctor is a "quack" who misdiagnosed her illness. She believes that she will recover despite her doctor's warning. Her behavior is typical of someone using ________.

Accepted Answer

Lilly is exhibiting denial, which is a defense mechanism that involves denying the reality of a situation in order to avoid the discomfort or fear that it brings. She is refusing to accept her diagnosis and is actively rejecting her doctor's warning, which is a common way of coping with the news of a terminal illness.

Question 8

In a contract negotiation, union leaders initially demand a $2 per hour raise. Management does not want to give workers a raise at all. Eventually, both sides agree to a $1 per hour raise. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

This situation is an example of compromise, where each side gives up something in order to reach a mutually acceptable agreement. The union leaders started with a high demand of $2 per hour raise, while management did not want to give any raise at all. Eventually, they compromised and agreed to a $1 per hour raise.

Question 9

Defensive coping is a form of ________.

Accepted Answer

Defensive coping involves avoiding or denying problems, often through self-deception or avoidance. Confrontation and aggression are forms of active coping, while compromise involves finding a middle ground solution.

Question 10

When people try to convince themselves that they are not really threatened, they are using ________.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies that people use to cope with a perceived threat to their self-esteem, self-image, or sense of identity. These mechanisms involve denying, distorting, or dismissing the threatening information or situation in order to protect oneself from emotional discomfort. When people try to convince themselves that they are not really threatened, they are using a defense mechanism known as denial.

Question 11

Expressions of anger are a form of ________.

Accepted Answer

Expressions of anger involve confronting the source of the anger, whether that be a person or a situation. This can involve assertively communicating one's feelings and boundaries, but also listening and being open to finding a resolution. Compromise and withdrawal may be strategies used in conflict resolution, but they do not necessarily involve expressing anger. Abreaction refers to the release of repressed emotions through therapy or other methods, and is not necessarily an expression of anger.

Question 12

Perhaps the greatest danger of withdrawal as a way of coping is that it will ________.

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal as a coping mechanism can lead to avoidance of similar future situations, as individuals may become reluctant to confront or deal with their problems directly. This can lead to missed opportunities for growth and resolution, as well as potential negative consequences that may arise if the situation is ignored or left unresolved.

Question 13

In situations where people are under stress but there is little or nothing they can do to cope directly with the stress, they are likely to turn to ________.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are unconscious behaviors that people use to protect themselves from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety, shame, or guilt. In situations where there is little or nothing that can be done to cope directly with the stress, people may use defense mechanisms such as denial, repression, or avoidance to manage their emotions and protect their self-esteem. These behaviors may provide temporary relief from the stress, but they do not address the underlying problem and can lead to more problems in the long run.

Question 14

Parents of children with cancer who refuse to believe that their children are dying are coping with their problems through the technique of ________.

Accepted Answer

Denial is a defense mechanism where individuals refuse to accept the reality of a situation. In this case, parents are using denial as a coping mechanism to avoid facing the possibility of their child's death. They may ignore or downplay the severity of their child's condition or avoid discussing end-of-life issues with doctors.

Question 15

After weeks of being taunted by her so-called "friends" at school, Alyssa begins actively avoiding them whenever possible. Her coping style is best described as ________.

Accepted Answer

Alyssa's coping style involves avoiding the source of her stress and withdrawing from her friends.

Question 16

Which of the following is not one of the techniques discussed in your text for coping with stress at college?

Accepted Answer

The techniques discussed in the text for coping with stress at college include exercise, meditation, and listening to favorite music. Needlessly talking to others can actually be a helpful technique to reduce stress, as social support and connection have been shown to be beneficial for mental health.

Question 17

Avoiding a situation when other forms of coping are not practical is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal is a form of coping where an individual avoids a situation when other forms of coping are not practical.

Question 18

Self-deceptive techniques identified by Freud for reducing stress are called ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud identified defense mechanisms as self-deceptive techniques that people use to reduce stress and anxiety. These mechanisms involve denying, distorting, or alleviating a psychologically uncomfortable situation or thought. Examples include repression, projection, and rationalization. Direct coping mechanisms and avoidance behaviors are not specifically identified by Freud, and response characteristics may refer to a broad range of reactions without a specific focus on stress reduction.

Question 19

Which of the following is not one of the techniques discussed in your text for coping with stress at college?

Accepted Answer

Procrastination is generally not considered a technique for coping with stress; it often leads to increased stress due to last-minute pressure.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of defense mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are unconscious psychological strategies that individuals use to cope with conflicts and anxiety. They often involve self-deception and distortion of reality in order to protect oneself from unpleasant emotions. Well-adjusted individuals also use defense mechanisms, but they are typically more aware of them and able to use them in a healthy and adaptive way. Therefore, options A and B are incorrect.

Quiz 11: Stress and Health Psychology

One of the most common and effective ways of coping with a conflict is to ________.

The self-deceptive elements of defensive coping led Freud to believe that these elements were ________.

Acknowledging a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution to the problem or attain a difficult goal is called ________.

Deciding on a more realistic solution or goal when an ideal solution or goal is not practical is called ________.

When individuals realize their adversary is more powerful than they are, a positive and realistic adjustment is ________.

Refusing to acknowledge a painful or threatening reality is ________.

In a contract negotiation, union leaders initially demand a $2 per hour raise. Management does not want to give workers a raise at all. Eventually, both sides agree to a $1 per hour raise. This is an example of ________.

Defensive coping is a form of ________.

When people try to convince themselves that they are not really threatened, they are using ________.

Expressions of anger are a form of ________.

Perhaps the greatest danger of withdrawal as a way of coping is that it will ________.

In situations where people are under stress but there is little or nothing they can do to cope directly with the stress, they are likely to turn to ________.

Parents of children with cancer who refuse to believe that their children are dying are coping with their problems through the technique of ________.

After weeks of being taunted by her so-called "friends" at school, Alyssa begins actively avoiding them whenever possible. Her coping style is best described as ________.

Which of the following is not one of the techniques discussed in your text for coping with stress at college?

Avoiding a situation when other forms of coping are not practical is known as ________.

Self-deceptive techniques identified by Freud for reducing stress are called ________.

Which of the following is not one of the techniques discussed in your text for coping with stress at college?

Which of the following statements is true of defense mechanisms?