Question 1

Tommy is repeating a series of digits in the order in which he heard an experimenter read them.The experimenter is testing the capacity of Tommy's _____ memory.Tommy should be able to repeat about _____ digits correctly.

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes the process of reciting digits in the short-term memory, which has a capacity of approximately seven items. Sensory memory refers to the initial perception of information through our senses and has a very brief retention period.

Question 2

Arturo studies by rewriting and rereading his class notes over and over again; this process is somewhat analogous to ______ rehearsal.

Accepted Answer

The process of constantly rereading and rewriting class notes is an example of maintenance rehearsal, which involves repeatedly going over information to keep it stored in short-term memory. The other options don't fit as well: distributed rehearsal involves spreading out study sessions over time, elaborative rehearsal involves connecting new information with existing knowledge, and massed rehearsal involves cramming all studying into a short period.

Question 3

Match the psychologist(s)with the correct concept or theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the psychologist(s)with the correct concept or...

Question 4

On his computer desktop,Rodney can see several different files,each immediately accessible.Because he is actively working on them and can open them whenever he wants,these files are in fact very similar to the kind of information held in _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

The description of the files being immediately accessible and actively worked on suggests that they are being held in working memory, which is responsible for holding onto information that is currently being used or processed. Long-term memory is for storing information for a long period of time, sensory memory holds onto input from our senses for a few seconds, and procedural memory is for remembering how to perform certain actions or skills.

Question 5

In one study,Bowman and colleagues (2010)found that college students holding IM conversations while studying a textbook passage:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In one study,Bowman and colleagues (2010)found that...

Question 6

The conscious repetition of information to ensure its survival in short-term memory is termed _____ rehearsal.

Accepted Answer

Maintenance rehearsal is the conscious repetition of information to keep it in short-term memory. Primary rehearsal refers to the initial encoding of information into memory, elaborative rehearsal involves connecting new information to existing knowledge to enhance retention, and massed rehearsal involves cramming information all at once, which is less effective than spaced repetition.

Question 7

According to the text,working memory is MOST nearly analogous to:

Accepted Answer

Working memory is analogous to the process of making bread inside a bakery because it involves actively processing and manipulating information, similar to how bread is actively made in a bakery.

Question 8

Process is to structure as _____ memory is to _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

Process and structure are related in a similar way as working memory and short-term memory. Working memory is a type of short-term memory that involves actively manipulating and processing information, whereas short-term memory is a more passive storage system for holding information temporarily.

Question 9

When Roy tells an acquaintance his telephone number,he does not recite the digits one by one at a constant rate,as in "3,3,7,2,3,4,8,3,9,2." Instead,Roy might say,"3,3,7 ...2,3,4 ...83,92." This exemplifies _____,a strategy to enhance _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

This exemplifies chunking, a strategy of grouping information into smaller units to better remember it, and it is used to enhance short-term memory.

Question 10

How does short-term memory differ from sensory memory?

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory has a smaller capacity than sensory memory and its duration is also shorter. Sensory memory is the brief storage of sensory information, such as sights and sounds, which is held for a very short duration (usually less than a few seconds). In contrast, short-term memory is the temporary storage of information that is actively processed and manipulated, with a duration of up to around 30 seconds.

Question 11

"What's your social?" the insurance provider on the phone asks Renee."One,six,four ..." Renee begins.After a brief pause,she continues,"seventy-two ...sixteen thirty-eight." To ease the burden on the insurance associate's short-term memory,Renee is giving the number in ______ rather than as individual digits.

Accepted Answer

Renee is giving the number in chunks to make it easier for the insurance associate to remember. Chunks represent a group of information that is connected and meaningful, and therefore easier to recall than individual digits. The other options, such as nuggets, clumps, or clusters, do not accurately describe the grouping of information in this scenario.

Question 12

"She did WHAT??" Sebastian's roommate exclaims as he relates an anecdote about a mutual friend.Sebastian's roommate processes the story using _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

Sebastian's roommate is using working memory to process the story as it involves actively thinking about and manipulating information in the moment.

Question 13

In the words of George Miller,the capacity of short-term memory is the "magical number _____."

Accepted Answer

According to George Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is 7, plus or minus 2. This means that the average person can hold around 7 pieces of information in their short-term memory, but this number can vary slightly from person to person. Therefore, choice C is the best option.

Question 14

Which component of working memory is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

The central executive component of working memory is responsible for directing attention and coordinating information from the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad. The phonological loop is responsible for processing and storing auditory information, while the visuospatial sketchpad is responsible for processing and storing visual and spatial information. The episodic buffer integrates information from the other components and forms an episodic representation of events.

Question 15

Which of the following expressions BEST reflects the capacity of short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

The capacity of short-term memory is generally believed to be around seven items, plus or minus two. This means that most people can typically only remember between five and nine pieces of information at a time in their short-term memory.

Question 16

As Rodolfo works on a complex multiplication problem in his head,the numbers he is manipulating are in his _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

Working memory is the type of short-term memory that allows us to actively manipulate information, such as performing mental calculations. Autobiographical and long-term memories are not involved in this process, while sensory memory is responsible for retaining sensory input for a very brief period of time.

Question 17

The text describes a study where researchers found a _____ correlation between college students' GPA and the amount of time they spend texting and using Facebook.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text describes a study where researchers...

Question 18

Grouping pieces of information together to expand the capacity of short-term memory is called:

Accepted Answer

Chunking is the process of grouping information together in order to improve short-term memory capacity. This can be done by organizing information into meaningful units or by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable pieces.

Question 19

Compared with alcohol intoxication,talking on a cell phone impairs driving to:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that talking on a cell phone while driving can impair driving performance to about the same extent as being legally intoxicated.

Question 20

The concept of working memory represents a contemporary conceptualization of _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

Working memory is a type of memory that holds information in a temporary, easily accessible form for a short period of time, similar to the traditional concept of short-term memory. Therefore, the best choice is B) short-term memory.

Quiz 6: Memory

Tommy is repeating a series of digits in the order in which he heard an experimenter read them.The experimenter is testing the capacity of Tommy's _ memory.Tommy should be able to repeat about _ digits correctly.