Spatial learning, insight learning, and language learning:
A) support the behaviorist notion that direct reinforcement is not necessary for learning
B) contradict the behaviorist notion that direct reinforcement is not necessary for learning
C) support the strict behaviorist notion that direct reinforcement is necessary for learning
D) contradict the strict behaviorist notion that direct reinforcement is necessary for learning

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Spatial learning, insight learning, and language learning all involve complex cognitive processes that cannot be fully explained by simple stimulus-response associations. These types of learning often require higher-order thinking and problem solving, which contradict the strict behaviorist notion that learning can only occur through direct reinforcement. Therefore, these types of learning support the idea that reinforcement is not always necessary for learning to occur.

Spatial Learning, Insight Learning, and Language Learning