Question 1

____ involves active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands of stress.
A) Coping
B) Adjustment
C) Stress tolerance
D) General adaptation

Accepted Answer

Coping involves actively trying to deal with stress. This can involve different strategies such as problem-solving, seeking social support, or engaging in relaxation techniques to reduce stress levels. Adjustment refers to adapting to new or changing situations, not necessarily related to stress. Stress tolerance refers to the ability to handle stress without experiencing negative consequences, and general adaptation is a theory of how organisms adjust to environmental stressors over time.

Question 2

Which of the following was not cited in your text as a disruptive effect of severe stress on cognitive functioning?
A) a dazed, confused state
B) an emotional numbness
C) inability to deal with interpersonal issues
D) difficulty maintaining a coherent train of thought

Accepted Answer

Inability to deal with interpersonal issues is not cited as a disruptive effect of severe stress on cognitive functioning in the text. A dazed, confused state, emotional numbness, and difficulty maintaining a coherent train of thought are all mentioned as potential effects.

Question 3

You hate mathematics and you feel a knot forming in your stomach when you read in the college catalog that Calculus I is required for your chosen major. You are in the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
A) alarm
B) exhaustion
C) resistance
D) extinction

Accepted Answer

The alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by the body's initial reaction to stress or a stressor, which can include feelings of anxiety or fear. In this scenario, the individual's reaction to the requirement of Calculus I suggests an initial stress response in the alarm stage.

Question 4

Seyle's general adaptation model has been criticized because
A) it ignores cultural influences on stress.
B) the order in which the stages occur may vary between individuals.
C) it ignores individual differences in the appraisal of stress.
D) there is no link between stress and physical illness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Seyle's general adaptation model has been criticized...

Question 5

Research findings indicate that on a cognitive task, stress may increase one's tendency to
A) systematically review options.
B) jump to conclusions too quickly.
C) consider a variety of options.
D) organize information into categories.

Accepted Answer

Research findings indicate that stress can impair cognitive functioning, leading to hasty and impulsive decision-making, which is associated with jumping to conclusions too quickly. Stress can activate the amygdala, a brain region associated with emotions, which may interfere with the functioning of the prefrontal cortex, a brain region involved in decision-making, problem-solving, and planning. Thus, stress may increase one's tendency to make hasty and impulsive decisions.

Question 6

After barely squeezing through Anatomy with a passing grade, you sleep 16 hours a day for the first 10 days of summer break and refuse to see any of your friends. You are in the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
A) alarm
B) exhaustion
C) resistance
D) extinction

Accepted Answer

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by physical and emotional exhaustion, as well as withdrawal from social activities and a decreased ability to function effectively. In this scenario, the student's behavior of sleeping excessively and avoiding social interaction is consistent with the exhaustion stage.

Question 7

The "master gland" of the endocrine system is the
A) pituitary.
B) adrenal cortex.
C) adrenal medulla.
D) hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" of the endocrine system because it produces and secretes a variety of hormones that regulate the function of many other endocrine glands in the body.

Question 8

Physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion due to work-related stress is called
A) burnout.
B) reaction formation disorder.
C) the general adaptation syndrome.
D) posttraumatic stress disorder.

Accepted Answer

Burnout is a type of exhaustion that can occur due to chronic work-related stress. The other options, while related to stress and mental health, do not specifically refer to the type of exhaustion that characterizes burnout.

Question 9

Posttraumatic stress disorder involves
A) immediate reaction to stressful war experiences.
B) stress reactions in anticipation of a traumatic event.
C) psychological disturbance due to the experience of a major traumatic event.
D) psychotic reactions to chronic stress, which emerge after one leaves the stressful environment.

Accepted Answer

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that can occur in people who have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event. Symptoms include intrusive memories or flashbacks, avoidance behaviors, negative changes in mood and cognition, and increased arousal and reactivity. The traumatic event may be a personal experience, such as a sexual assault or a car accident, or a larger-scale event, such as war or a natural disaster. PTSD can develop immediately after the traumatic event or later on, and can persist for months or years if untreated.

Question 10

Mounting evidence from research indicates that stress may ____ the functioning of the immune system.
A) stimulate
B) destroy
C) suppress
D) enhance

Accepted Answer

Mounting evidence suggests that chronic stress can suppress the functioning of the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and autoimmune disorders. When the immune system is suppressed, it is unable to fight off pathogens and other harmful agents effectively, leading to an increased risk of illness and disease.

Question 11

By definition, coping efforts are
A) not necessarily adaptive or maladaptive.
B) necessarily healthy.
C) permanent.
D) effective.

Accepted Answer

Coping efforts can be either adaptive or maladaptive depending on the situation and individual. They may not always be considered healthy or effective, and they can be temporary rather than permanent. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it captures the variability of coping efforts.

Question 12

Signs of burnout in the workplace include
A) decreased production.
B) increased health problems.
C) increased absenteeism.
D) all of these.

Accepted Answer

Burnout can manifest in various ways, including decreased productivity, increased health problems, and increased absenteeism. Therefore, all of the choices are signs of burnout in the workplace.

Question 13

Recent research on the effect of pressure on task performance in "normal" subjects suggests that
A) choking under pressure is fairly common.
B) choking under pressure is just an excuse.
C) choking under pressure is a phenomenon unique to amateur performers.
D) normal people are less likely to choke under pressure than are professional athletes.

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that choking under pressure is fairly common in "normal" subjects.

Question 14

Pressure to perform may disrupt attention to task performance by
A) making one feel self-conscious.
B) making one focus on the task.
C) encouraging one to focus on the source of the pressure.
D) overemphasizing the importance of the task.

Accepted Answer

Pressure to perform can lead to increased self-consciousness, which in turn can lead to increased anxiety, distractibility, and errors in task performance. This is because the individual is focusing on their own performance rather than the task at hand.

Question 15

Which of the following is least likely to have a negative impact on the immune system?
A) caring for an elderly parent
B) receiving long-term disability following an automobile accident
C) remaining in a hostile work environment while waiting for a better job opportunity to come along
D) spending the weekend with hostile family members

Accepted Answer

Spending the weekend with hostile family members is a short-term stressor, which is less likely to have a long-term negative impact on the immune system compared to the chronic stressors in the other options.

Question 16

You realize that no matter how much you hate psychology you will not be able to drop out of class this semester if you want to graduate. You hunker down for a miserable semester of hard and studious labor. You are in the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
A) alarm
B) exhaustion
C) resistance
D) extinction

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. The alarm stage is characterized by the body's initial reaction to a stressor, while the resistance stage is when the body attempts to adapt and cope with the stressor. The exhaustion stage occurs when the body's resources are depleted and it can no longer cope with the stressor. In this scenario, the individual is hunkering down and putting in hard and studious labor, indicating that they are in the resistance stage.

Question 17

____ are hormones that help mobilize the body for action.
A) Amphetamines
B) Immunosteroids
C) Catecholamines
D) Neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

Catecholamines, including adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine), are hormones that are released by the adrenal glands in response to stress or excitement. They help to mobilize the body for action by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, and by redirecting blood flow to the muscles and away from the digestive system. Amphetamines are drugs that mimic the effects of catecholamines, while immunosteroids are a type of steroid hormone that regulates the immune system. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between neurons in the brain and nervous system.

Question 18

Your friend Terry, who has been practicing free throw shots in the backyard, just won the chance to shoot a half court basket for a $10,000 prize at a professional basketball game. Research indicates that Terry is
A) more likely to make the shot in front of a large crowd than in the backyard, because the added pressure increases the ability to filter out distractions.
B) less likely to choke under the pressure than a professional athlete, because professionals have their job on the line.
C) very likely to choke under pressure.
D) likely to catch a cold just before the game because of a reduced immune system from the acute stress.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the pressure of the situation can lead to choking under pressure for even highly skilled individuals, especially if they are not used to performing in high-pressure situations. Therefore, while Terry may have improved in their backyard practice, the pressure of the professional basketball game may still lead to choking under pressure.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a characteristic of burnout?
A) lowered self-efficacy
B) immediate traumatic stresses
C) cynicism
D) emotional exhaustion

Accepted Answer

Burnout is a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by prolonged stress in the workplace. It is characterized by emotional exhaustion, a reduced sense of personal accomplishment, and depersonalization or cynicism towards one's work. Immediate traumatic stresses are not necessarily a characteristic of burnout, although they may contribute to it in some cases.

Question 20

According to Leiter and Maslach, what causes burnout?
A) traumatic experiences in the workplace
B) ongoing job stressors
C) personal weakness
D) being recognized for one's work

Accepted Answer

Leiter and Maslach identify ongoing job stressors as the main cause of burnout, including workload, lack of control, and interpersonal conflicts in the workplace. Traumatic experiences could contribute to burnout, but they are not the main cause. Personal weakness is not a determinant factor in burnout. Being recognized for one's work could actually mitigate burnout, rather than causing it.

Quiz 3: Stress and Its Effects

____ involves active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands of stress.

Which of the following was not cited in your text as a disruptive effect of severe stress on cognitive functioning?

You hate mathematics and you feel a knot forming in your stomach when you read in the college catalog that Calculus I is required for your chosen major. You are in the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

Seyle's general adaptation model has been criticized because

Research findings indicate that on a cognitive task, stress may increase one's tendency to

After barely squeezing through Anatomy with a passing grade, you sleep 16 hours a day for the first 10 days of summer break and refuse to see any of your friends. You are in the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

The "master gland" of the endocrine system is the

Physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion due to work-related stress is called

Posttraumatic stress disorder involves

Mounting evidence from research indicates that stress may ____ the functioning of the immune system.

By definition, coping efforts are

Signs of burnout in the workplace include

Recent research on the effect of pressure on task performance in "normal" subjects suggests that

Pressure to perform may disrupt attention to task performance by

Which of the following is least likely to have a negative impact on the immune system?

You realize that no matter how much you hate psychology you will not be able to drop out of class this semester if you want to graduate. You hunker down for a miserable semester of hard and studious labor. You are in the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

____ are hormones that help mobilize the body for action.

Your friend Terry, who has been practicing free throw shots in the backyard, just won the chance to shoot a half court basket for a $10,000 prize at a professional basketball game. Research indicates that Terry is

Which of the following is not a characteristic of burnout?

According to Leiter and Maslach, what causes burnout?