Question 1

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
-It is difficult to obtain the information required to evaluate all of the consequences for all indirect and direct stakeholders.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The teleological approach focuses on the consequences or outcomes of actions. In this situation, it acknowledges that it is difficult to obtain all necessary information to evaluate all consequences for all stakeholders. Therefore, it is important to prioritize and consider the potential outcomes for the most significant stakeholders. The deontological approach may not consider the practical challenges of obtaining all necessary information and the virtue ethics approach may not prioritize the consequences for stakeholders.

Question 2

The prescriptive approach is to ____________ as the descriptive approach is to _____________.
A)psychology;philosophy
B)philosophy;psychology
C)would;does
D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of The prescriptive approach is to ____________ as...

Question 3

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
-Focuses on doing what is "right" based on broad,absolute and universal moral principles or values
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The deontological approach focuses on doing what is "right" based on broad, absolute, and universal moral principles or values, regardless of the outcomes.

Question 4

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
-The rights of a minority group can easily be sacrificed for the benefit of the majority (for example,slavery in the United States).
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The teleological approach, also known as consequentialism, focuses on the outcome or consequences of an action. In the case of sacrificing the rights of a minority group for the benefit of the majority, a teleological approach would argue that such sacrifice is justified if it leads to the greatest happiness or overall good for the greatest number of people. This approach could justify actions such as slavery in the United States as long as it resulted in economic growth and prosperity for the majority. However, the weakness of this approach is that it can lead to moral relativism and the justification of harmful actions if they result in desirable outcomes.

Question 5

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
-An individual's principles may be in conflict with what is best and causes the least amount of harm to another individual.For example,an individual who believes that he or she should not lie would be conflicted about telling the Nazi's he or she is hiding Jews in the basement.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The deontological approach focuses on the moral rules and duties that should guide actions, rather than the outcomes of those actions. In the example given, the individual's principle of not lying is a moral rule that they believe should guide their actions, even if it conflicts with what may be seen as the best outcome (protecting the Jews in hiding). The deontological approach would argue that the individual should not lie, regardless of the consequences.

Question 6

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
-Focuses on the results or consequences of the decision or action.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The teleological (or consequential) approach focuses on the results or consequences of the decision or action, which makes it the best choice for this description.

Question 7

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
-A philosophical tradition that began with Aristotle and primarily considers the actor's character,motivations,and intentions.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The virtue ethics approach is the philosophical tradition that considers the actor's character, motivations, and intentions. Deontological approach, on the other hand, focuses on duty and rules, while teleological approach is concerned with the consequences of actions.

Question 8

The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on how people actually make ethical decisions.
A)prescriptive
B)descriptive
C)illustrative
D)regulatory

Accepted Answer

The descriptive approach to ethical decision making is centered on how people actually make ethical decisions, rather than offering prescriptive or regulatory guidance. This approach aims to understand the moral reasoning that people use in real-world situations, and thus tends to be more nuanced and flexible than a prescriptive approach.

Question 9

You are working with an important vendor who has offered you a "sweet" deal.However,the vendor has made it clear that he wants a decision now and your internal warning system (i.e.your gut)is telling you that this deal might be an ethical dilemma.Using what you have learned from this chapter,briefly describe how you should proceed.Will you answer him now? How will you think about the "dilemma" and respond to the vendor?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are working with an important vendor...

Question 10

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
-This approach that stresses community standards is limited in business because in many areas of business there is limited agreement about what the standards are.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The virtue ethics approach emphasizes the importance of developing good character traits and aligning those with decisions and actions. It also emphasizes the importance of community standards and values. However, one of its weaknesses is that in business there is often limited agreement on what those standards and values should be. The deontological approach focuses on adhering to moral rules and duties, while the teleological approach focuses on the outcome or consequences of actions. While these approaches also have limitations in business, they do not specifically address the issue of limited agreement on community standards.

Question 11

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
-"What kind of world would this be if everyone behaved this way or made this kind of decision in this type of situation?"
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The deontological approach focuses on the inherent rightness or wrongness of an action or decision, irrespective of its consequences. This question specifically asks about the behavior or decision in a particular situation, without considering its consequences, making it a deontological approach.

Question 12

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
-For example,followers of this approach would rely on Western biblical tradition or moral intuition for guidance.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The deontological approach focuses on the inherent rightness or wrongness of actions, often relying on moral rules or duties. Western biblical tradition and moral intuition align with this approach because they emphasize adherence to moral laws or commandments, rather than the consequences of actions.

Question 13

The __________ challenges one to ask,"how would you feel if your behavior appeared in The Wall Street Journal?"
A)veil of ignorance
B)categorical imperative
C)disclosure rule
D)confession constraint

Accepted Answer

The disclosure rule encourages individuals to consider how their behavior would appear if it were disclosed publicly. It challenges individuals to consider the potential consequences of their actions and whether they would be proud or embarrassed to have their behavior exposed in a public forum such as The Wall Street Journal. The veil of ignorance and categorical imperative are ethical principles that encourage individuals to consider the consequences of their actions, but they are not specifically focused on public disclosure. The confession constraint is a concept related to the legal prohibition against self-incrimination and is not directly relevant to this question.

Question 14

The ___________ states that an ethical decision should maximize benefits to society and minimize harms.
A)principle of value
B)theory of cost-benefit analysis
C)principle of efficacy
D)principle of utility

Accepted Answer

The principle of utility, also known as the greatest happiness principle, holds that actions or decisions should promote the greatest happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people. This principle is closely related to the concept of cost-benefit analysis, which involves weighing the pros and cons of a decision or action to determine its overall impact. By maximizing benefits to society and minimizing harms, the principle of utility helps to ensure that ethical decisions are socially responsible and promote the greater good.

Question 15

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
-The______________ approach best known as consequentialist theory is Utilitarianism.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The description mentions consequentialist theory, which is typically associated with the teleological (or consequential) approach. Utilitarianism is a specific form of consequentialism that seeks to maximize overall well-being or happiness. The deontological approach emphasizes adherence to moral rules or duties, while virtue ethics focuses on developing good character traits.

Question 16

The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on what decision an individual should make.
A)prescriptive
B)descriptive
C)illustrative
D)regulatory

Accepted Answer

The prescriptive approach to ethical decision making provides a framework for what decision an individual should make based on ethical principles and values. It offers guidance on how to make a morally sound decision rather than just describing what people actually do in certain situations (descriptive approach), providing examples of ethical decision making (illustrative approach), or enforcing laws and regulations (regulatory approach).

Question 17

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
-Focuses on the integrity of the moral actor.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics focuses on the character and virtues of the moral actor, emphasizing the integrity and moral character of the individual making the decision, rather than the consequences of the action (teleological) or adherence to rules (deontological).

Question 18

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
-A major challenge is deciding which duty,obligation,right,or principle takes precedence.
A)Deontological approach
B)Teleological approach
C)Virtue ethics approach

Accepted Answer

The deontological approach focuses on the adherence to duty, obligation, or rules, regardless of the outcome. This approach often faces challenges in situations where there are conflicting duties or obligations, making it difficult to decide which one should take precedence.

Quiz 2: Deciding Whats Right: a Prescriptive Approach

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) -It is difficult to obtain the information required to evaluate all of the consequences for all indirect and direct stakeholders.

The prescriptive approach is to as the descriptive approach is to _.

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) -Focuses on doing what is "right" based on broad,absolute and universal moral principles or values

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) -The rights of a minority group can easily be sacrificed for the benefit of the majority (for example,slavery in the United States) .

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) -Focuses on the results or consequences of the decision or action.

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) -A philosophical tradition that began with Aristotle and primarily considers the actor's character,motivations,and intentions.

The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on how people actually make ethical decisions.

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) -This approach that stresses community standards is limited in business because in many areas of business there is limited agreement about what the standards are.

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) -"What kind of world would this be if everyone behaved this way or made this kind of decision in this type of situation?"

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) -For example,followers of this approach would rely on Western biblical tradition or moral intuition for guidance.

The __________ challenges one to ask,"how would you feel if your behavior appeared in The Wall Street Journal?"

The ___________ states that an ethical decision should maximize benefits to society and minimize harms.

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) -The______________ approach best known as consequentialist theory is Utilitarianism.

The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on what decision an individual should make.

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) -Focuses on the integrity of the moral actor.

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) -A major challenge is deciding which duty,obligation,right,or principle takes precedence.