Under the PATRIOT Act, the FBI can issue a National Security Letter to compel banks, Internet service providers, and credit reporting companies to turn over information about their customers without a court order but only if the FBI believed the individual to be a foreign spy.

Question

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The FBI can issue a National Security Letter under the PATRIOT Act to collect information about any individual deemed relevant to an ongoing terrorism or national security investigation, not just foreign spies. Additionally, these letters do not require judicial approval.

Under the PATRIOT Act, the FBI Can Issue a National