Identify and describe two pitfalls in experimental design,what the implications are for interpreting the results of a study with these pitfalls,and how these pitfalls can be avoided.

Question

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The Answer is Answers will vary but should contain the any of the two following points for full credit.
--Placebo effect: improvement resulting from expectations,implications are that improvements may not be stemming from the "treatment" per se,can overcome this by using single-blind procedures
--Nocebo effect: harm resulting from the mere expectation of harm,people can subjectively experience pain if they believe they may be hurt,can overcome using single-blind procedures
--Experimenter expectancy effect: researcher's predictions unintentionally bias the outcome of a study,implications are that the experimenter can sometimes give away cues without knowing it that influence the participants' behaviours,can overcome by double-blind procedures
--Demand characteristics: cues that participants pick up from an experiment that allow them to guess what the hypothesis of a study does,implications are that the participants can alter their behaviour based on their knowledge of the study,can overcome by double-blind procedures

Identify and Describe Two Pitfalls in Experimental Design,what the Implications