In a correlational study of level of education and level of depression, the investigators are trying to observe the relationship between these two variables. This type of study would differ from experimental studies in several important respects. For instance, __________.
A) in correlational studies, it is difficult to determine what is causing what
B) correlational studies can suffer from what is called the third-variable problem
C) random assignment is not an option in correlational studies
D) all of the above are correct

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

All of the above are correct. Correlational studies do not allow for the manipulation of variables, making it difficult to determine causality. Correlational studies are also prone to the third-variable problem, where an unmeasured variable may be influencing both the level of education and level of depression. Random assignment, a hallmark of experimental studies, is not possible in correlational studies.

In a Correlational Study of Level of Education and Level