What did Edward Tolman's studies on rats that developed cognitive maps show?
A) Learning cannot occur without reinforcement.
B) Rats are spatially deficient.
C) Learning can occur without behavioral change.
D) Cognitive maps can produce disorientation.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Tolman's studies demonstrated that rats could learn the layout of a maze without direct reinforcement, indicating that learning can occur without immediate behavioral change. This learning became apparent when the rats were later motivated to find a reward, showing they had developed a cognitive map of the maze.

What Did Edward Tolman's Studies on Rats That Developed Cognitive