In Which Situation Is a "Negative Persuasion" Effect Occurring

In which situation is a "negative persuasion" effect occurring?

A) when a speaker moves the audience in the opposite direction of what was intended
B) when an audience perceives a speaker as overly pessimistic and gloomy
C) when a speaker stirs listeners to accept a harmful or hateful viewpoint
D) when a hostile audience is swayed by an unusually charismatic speaker