The three factors needed to establish causality are:
A) correlation, a hypothesis, and deductive analysis.
B) ruling out alternative explanations, time order, and moderating variables.
C) a case study, correlation, and time order sequencing.
D) correlation, time order, and ruling out alternative explanations.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The three factors needed to establish causality include correlation (the two variables are related), time order (the cause precedes the effect), and ruling out alternative explanations (other variables that may explain the relationship between the two variables). Choice D includes all three necessary factors.

The Three Factors Needed to Establish Causality Are