Your Hand Is Resting on a Wire Grid

Your hand is resting on a wire grid.A light flashes and the grid gives you a painful shock.You quickly learn to move your hand when the light goes on.Some theorists believe that you have learned to move your hand,not because of a learned set of reflexive muscle movements,but because you expect the grid to shock you and you intend to avoid the shock.These theorists would support which explanation of learning?

A) connectionist
B) cognitive
C) Pavlovian
D) law of effect