Consider the following processes (treat all gases as ideal) .
1.The pressure of 1 mol of oxygen gas is allowed to double isothermally.
2.Carbon dioxide is allowed to expand isothermally to 10 times its original volume.
3.The temperature of 1 mol of helium is increased 25^$\omicron$C at constant pressure.
4.Nitrogen gas is compressed isothermally to half its original volume.
5.A glass of water loses 100 J of energy reversibly at 30^$\omicron$C.
Which of these processes lead(s)
To a decrease in entropy?"

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Processes 1, 4, and 5 lead to a decrease in entropy. In process 1, doubling the pressure of a gas isothermally decreases its volume, leading to a decrease in entropy. In process 4, compressing nitrogen gas isothermally to half its original volume decreases its entropy. In process 5, a glass of water losing energy reversibly at a constant temperature means it is transferring heat to its surroundings, which decreases its entropy. Processes 2 and 3 involve expansion or heating at constant pressure, both of which increase entropy.

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