It is the date of the declaration of dividends,not the date of dividend payment,that affects retained earnings and creates the liability.

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The date of declaration of dividends is when the company formally announces and sets aside funds for dividend payments, which affects the retained earnings and creates a liability on the company to pay out the dividends to the shareholders. The actual payment of dividends may happen at a later date, but it is the declaration date that has the accounting impact.

It Is the Date of the Declaration of Dividends,not the Date