Rather than comparing groups in terms of means (as is the case with t tests and analysis of variance),the nonparametric procedures compare groups in terms of medians or other features of a distribution.

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Nonparametric procedures do not rely on assumptions of normality and equal variances, so they do not require the calculation of means. Instead, they focus on comparing distributions using measures such as medians or rank ordering.

Rather Than Comparing Groups in Terms of Means (As Is