In most bird species, only the male sings and then only in his territory during the reproductive season. This is to attract females and to ward off other males, which serves to improve their chances of mating. This behavior demonstrates:

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This behavior can be explained by multiple factors including physiological factors (the ability of males to produce certain hormones that allow them to sing), ontogenetic factors (learning to sing during a critical period), evolutionary factors (selection for males who are able to attract and mate with females), and functional factors (singing to attract females and ward off other males). All of these explanations can be used together to provide a more complete understanding of the behavior.

In Most Bird Species, Only the Male Sings and Then