Which threat to internal validity results from changes between observations in either the measuring instrument or the observer?
A) History
B) Maturation
C) Testing
D) Instrumentation
E) Mortality

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Instrumentation refers to changes in the measuring instrument or observer and can threaten internal validity by creating inconsistencies or biases in the data over time.

Which Threat to Internal Validity Results from Changes Between Observations