Promissory estoppel is a contractual doctrine that includes which of the following considerations?
A)The courts use the doctrine of promissory estoppel to enforce noncontractual promises.
B)Under this doctrine, the promisor reasonably expects that the promisee, in reliance on the promise, will be induced by the promise to take action or refrain from taking action and the promisee does so.
C)The courts will not, under any circumstance, enforce promises that do not include all four of the elements of contract.
D)Both (a) and (b).

Question

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Promissory estoppel is a doctrine that is applied by the courts to enforce noncontractual promises. Under this doctrine, the promisor must expect that the promisee, in reliance on the promise, will be induced by the promise to take action or refrain from taking action, and the promisee must do so. This doctrine is used as an exception to the requirement that a contract must have all four of its elements to be enforceable. Therefore, choice (a) and choice (b) are the correct considerations for promissory estoppel. Choice (c) is incorrect because the doctrine of promissory estoppel is applied in situations where a contract has not been formed, and therefore not all four of the elements of a contract are present.

Promissory Estoppel Is a Contractual Doctrine That Includes Which of the Following