______ is the degree to which measured differences on the dependent variable are a direct result of the manipulation of the independent variable, and not some other variable or extraneous condition or influence.
A) External validity
B) Internal validity
C) Internal reliability
D) External reliability

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Internal validity refers to the extent to which the independent variable is truly causing the changes in the dependent variable, rather than any confounding variables or extraneous factors. It is important for establishing cause-and-effect relationships in research. External validity refers to the generalizability of findings to other contexts or populations, while internal reliability and external reliability refer to the consistency and stability of measurements over time or across raters, respectively.

______ Is the Degree to Which Measured Differences on the Dependent