A client with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). When the client asks the nurse how this disease developed, which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
A)"Thickening of the kidney structures and gradual death of nephrons has led to this diagnosis."
B)"Cysts have compressed your renal tissue and destroyed your kidneys, causing this diagnosis."
C)"High blood pressure has reduced your renal blood flow, harming the kidney tissue and causing this diagnosis."
D)"Immune complexes have formed in your kidney tissue, causing inflammation that has led to this diagnosis."

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A)Long-standing hypertension leads to sclerosis and narrowing of renal arterioles and small arteries with subsequent reduction of blood flow. This leads to ischemia, glomerular destruction, and tubular atrophy. In contrast, diabetic nephropathy causes chronic kidney disease (CKD)by thickening and sclerosis of the glomerular basement membrane and the glomerulus with a gradual destruction of nephrons. Polycystic kidney disease causes CKD by multiple bilateral cysts gradually compressing renal tissue, impairing renal perfusion and leading to ischemia, which damages and destroys normal kidney tissue. Finally, systemic lupus erythematosus causes CKD by the formation of immune complexes in the capillary basement membrane, which lead to inflammation and sclerosis.
B)Long-standing hypertension leads to sclerosis and narrowing of renal arterioles and small arteries with subsequent reduction of blood flow. This leads to ischemia, glomerular destruction, and tubular atrophy. In contrast, diabetic nephropathy causes chronic kidney disease (CKD)by thickening and sclerosis of the glomerular basement membrane and the glomerulus with a gradual destruction of nephrons. Polycystic kidney disease causes CKD by multiple bilateral cysts gradually compressing renal tissue, impairing renal perfusion and leading to ischemia, which damages and destroys normal kidney tissue. Finally, systemic lupus erythematosus causes CKD by the formation of immune complexes in the capillary basement membrane, which lead to inflammation and sclerosis.
C)Long-standing hypertension leads to sclerosis and narrowing of renal arterioles and small arteries with subsequent reduction of blood flow. This leads to ischemia, glomerular destruction, and tubular atrophy. In contrast, diabetic nephropathy causes chronic kidney disease (CKD)by thickening and sclerosis of the glomerular basement membrane and the glomerulus with a gradual destruction of nephrons. Polycystic kidney disease causes CKD by multiple bilateral cysts gradually compressing renal tissue, impairing renal perfusion and leading to ischemia, which damages and destroys normal kidney tissue. Finally, systemic lupus erythematosus causes CKD by the formation of immune complexes in the capillary basement membrane, which lead to inflammation and sclerosis.
D)Long-standing hypertension leads to sclerosis and narrowing of renal arterioles and small arteries with subsequent reduction of blood flow. This leads to ischemia, glomerular destruction, and tubular atrophy. In contrast, diabetic nephropathy causes chronic kidney disease (CKD)by thickening and sclerosis of the glomerular basement membrane and the glomerulus with a gradual destruction of nephrons. Polycystic kidney disease causes CKD by multiple bilateral cysts gradually compressing renal tissue, impairing renal perfusion and leading to ischemia, which damages and destroys normal kidney tissue. Finally, systemic lupus erythematosus causes CKD by the formation of immune complexes in the capillary basement membrane, which lead to inflammation and sclerosis.

A Client with a History of Hypertension Is Diagnosed with Chronic