Secondary reinforcers and punishers are often called conditioned reinforcers and punishers.

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Secondary/reinforcers and punishers are acquired through their association or pairing with primary reinforcers and punishers, which are naturally occurring. This process is called classical or Pavlovian conditioning, and hence, secondary reinforcers and punishers are also referred to as conditioned reinforcers and punishers.

Secondary Reinforcers and Punishers Are Often Called Conditioned Reinforcers and Punishers