The work of researchers like Bartlett and Loftus on errors in memory suggests that memory is best viewed as
A) a tape recording.
B) storage on a computer disc.
C) a literal record of events.
D) a reconstruction of events or materials.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Bartlett's and Loftus' research showed that memory is not a literal recording of events, but rather a reconstruction based on gaps in memory and influenced by factors such as past experiences, biases, and expectations. Therefore, option D, "a reconstruction of events or materials," is the best choice. Option A, "a tape recording," is incorrect because it implies that memory is an exact and unchanging representation of events. Option B, "storage on a computer disc," is also incorrect because memory is not simply a static storage of information, but rather an active process that involves encoding, storing, and retrieving information. Option C, "a literal record of events," is incorrect for the same reasons as option A.

The Work of Researchers Like Bartlett and Loftus on Errors