Pre-experimental designs
A) are insufficienor drawing causal inferences.
B) control for most sources of internal invalidity.
C) control for most sources of external invalidity.
D) are excellenor drawing causal inferences.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Pre-experimental designs are not sufficient for drawing causal inferences because they lack control groups or randomization, which are necessary to establish causality.

Pre-Experimental Designs