Conner has received steady pay increases over the years for his solid sales performance.This year, the organization merged with another organization and money has become tight.Conner doubts there's any money available for raises.Therefore, he has not been motivated to work as hard.According to expectancy theory, Conner is unmotivated because _________ is lacking.
A)valence
B)instrumentality
C)expectancy
D)significance
E)confidence

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

According to expectancy theory, motivation is based on the belief that effort will lead to performance (expectancy), performance will lead to rewards (instrumentality), and the rewards will be valuable to the individual (valence). In this case, Conner doubts the instrumentality, or the belief that his performance will lead to rewards (pay increases), so he is no longer motivated to work hard. Valence, expectancy, significance, and confidence may also play a role in motivation, but in this scenario, the lack of instrumentality is the primary factor.

Conner Has Received Steady Pay Increases Over the Years for His