Deception has several basic elements. Which of the following is NOT among them?
A) The sender must believe the information is false.
B) The receiver must believe the information is true.
C) The information must be transmitted knowingly.
D) The sender must intend to create a false belief in the receiver.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The receiver believing the information is true is not a basic element of deception itself; rather, it's a potential outcome of successful deception. The core elements of deception involve the sender's belief in the falsehood of the information, the intentional transmission of this information, and the intent to instill a false belief in the receiver.

Deception Has Several Basic Elements