State Whether the Following Expressions Are Positive or Negative, Without $\cos 225^{\circ}$

State whether the following expressions are positive or negative, without using your calculator or your book.
(a) $\cos 225^{\circ}$
(b) $\sin 314^{\circ}$
(c) $\cot 495^{\circ}$
(d) $\csc 820^{\circ}$
(e) $\tan \left(-220^{\circ}\right)$
(f) $\sec 195^{\circ}$