In Ben Thompson's Classroom, Children Are Immersed in a Community

In Ben Thompson's classroom, children are immersed in a community of learners. Ben uses only authentic texts for children to read, discuss, listen to, or write about, and he says his main goal is to, "Support children in the skillful use of language." How would you best describe Ben's approach to teaching literacy?

A) Ben is a whole-language teacher.
B) Ben believes in a top-down approach to teaching reading.
C) Ben has a balanced literacy program in his classroom.
D) Ben believes in a bottom-up approach to teaching reading.