To calculate indirect fitness,
A) count the number of extra offspring that an individual gains by helping a relative, devalued by the genetic distance between the individual and the relative.
B) count the number of offspring that an individual has as a result of its own efforts.
C) count the number of offspring that an individual has as a result of its own efforts, devalued by its inclusive fitness.
D) sum direct fitness and inclusive fitness.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Indirect fitness is calculated by counting the extra offspring an individual helps a relative produce, adjusted for the genetic relatedness between the individual and the relative. This concept is part of Hamilton's rule and inclusive fitness theory, emphasizing the genetic gains achieved through altruistic behaviors towards relatives.

To Calculate Indirect Fitness