While Research Suggests That Managers Can Discriminate Between Performing and Non-Performing

While research suggests that managers can discriminate between performing and non-performing employees, the managers' ratings will not necessarily reflect their actual judgements because:

A) the time and effort taken to complete the reviews causes managers to make mistakes in assessment.
B) employees will put pressure onto managers to give them favourable appraisals.
C) they are keen to protect their own reputations with senior management levels.
D) they often distort their evaluations when completing performance appraisal forms.